Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases
Saliva is a very complex fluid and it is essential to maintain several physiological processes and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion and immunological defenses. Saliva composition and the oral microbiome can be influenced by several factors, like diet and smoking habits, and their a...
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Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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Series: | Metabolites |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/8/889 |
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author | Michele Basilicata Massimo Pieri Giulia Marrone Eleonora Nicolai Manuela Di Lauro Vincenza Paolino Flaminia Tomassetti Ilaria Vivarini Patrizio Bollero Sergio Bernardini Annalisa Noce |
author_facet | Michele Basilicata Massimo Pieri Giulia Marrone Eleonora Nicolai Manuela Di Lauro Vincenza Paolino Flaminia Tomassetti Ilaria Vivarini Patrizio Bollero Sergio Bernardini Annalisa Noce |
author_sort | Michele Basilicata |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Saliva is a very complex fluid and it is essential to maintain several physiological processes and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion and immunological defenses. Saliva composition and the oral microbiome can be influenced by several factors, like diet and smoking habits, and their alteration can represent an important access point for pathogens and, thus, for systemic illness onset. In this review, we explore the potentiality of saliva as a new tool for the early detection of some pathological conditions, such as oral diseases, chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases, among these chronic kidney disease (CKD). We also examined the possible correlation between oral and systemic diseases and oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In particular, we deeply analyzed the relationship between oral diseases and CKD. In this context, some salivary parameters can represent a new device to detect either oral or systemic pathologies. Moreover, the positive modulation of oral and gut microbiota induced by prebiotics, postbiotics, or symbiotics could represent a new possible adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of oral diseases and CKD. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:44:35Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-5cfaf193fe7646eea186164775435990 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2218-1989 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:44:35Z |
publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Metabolites |
spelling | doaj.art-5cfaf193fe7646eea1861647754359902023-11-19T02:08:24ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-07-0113888910.3390/metabo13080889Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable DiseasesMichele Basilicata0Massimo Pieri1Giulia Marrone2Eleonora Nicolai3Manuela Di Lauro4Vincenza Paolino5Flaminia Tomassetti6Ilaria Vivarini7Patrizio Bollero8Sergio Bernardini9Annalisa Noce10UOSD Special Care Dentistry, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyUOSD Special Care Dentistry, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyUOSD Special Care Dentistry, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalySaliva is a very complex fluid and it is essential to maintain several physiological processes and functions, including oral health, taste, digestion and immunological defenses. Saliva composition and the oral microbiome can be influenced by several factors, like diet and smoking habits, and their alteration can represent an important access point for pathogens and, thus, for systemic illness onset. In this review, we explore the potentiality of saliva as a new tool for the early detection of some pathological conditions, such as oral diseases, chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases, among these chronic kidney disease (CKD). We also examined the possible correlation between oral and systemic diseases and oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis. In particular, we deeply analyzed the relationship between oral diseases and CKD. In this context, some salivary parameters can represent a new device to detect either oral or systemic pathologies. Moreover, the positive modulation of oral and gut microbiota induced by prebiotics, postbiotics, or symbiotics could represent a new possible adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of oral diseases and CKD.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/8/889salivachronic degenerative non-communicable diseaseschronic kidney diseaseoral diseasesuremic toxinsgut microbiota |
spellingShingle | Michele Basilicata Massimo Pieri Giulia Marrone Eleonora Nicolai Manuela Di Lauro Vincenza Paolino Flaminia Tomassetti Ilaria Vivarini Patrizio Bollero Sergio Bernardini Annalisa Noce Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases Metabolites saliva chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases chronic kidney disease oral diseases uremic toxins gut microbiota |
title | Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_full | Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_fullStr | Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_short | Saliva as Biomarker for Oral and Chronic Degenerative Non-Communicable Diseases |
title_sort | saliva as biomarker for oral and chronic degenerative non communicable diseases |
topic | saliva chronic degenerative non-communicable diseases chronic kidney disease oral diseases uremic toxins gut microbiota |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/8/889 |
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