| Summary: | The Japanese archaeologist Nakaya Jiujirō (1902-1936), who lived in Paris from 1929 to 1932, holds a special place in the context of the interwar years, shedding light on the history of Japanese archaeology and French-Japanese scientific interactions during this period. Having met an untimely death at the age of 34, Nakaya cannot be considered a key figure in the genesis of prehistoric archaeology in Japan. From a disciplinary point of view, prehistory reached maturity after the Pacific War as Japan became increasingly defined by its insularity. The present contribution aims, in a documentary perspective, to present the life and work of a landmark figure in Japan’s fledgling prehistoric archaeology and underline its French-Japanese dimension.
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