Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment
Ti–6Al–4V alloy was subjected to cryogenic treatment at −196 °C followed by single and multiple treatment cycles. Compression tests revealed that, despite a decrease in yield strength, cryogenically treated samples (especially by multiple cryogenic treatment) exhibited noteworthy improvements, with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005039 |
| _version_ | 1827310723899850752 |
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| author | Hyun-Hak Kang Seung-Chang Han Min-Ki Ji Jeong-Rim Lee Tea-Sung Jun |
| author_facet | Hyun-Hak Kang Seung-Chang Han Min-Ki Ji Jeong-Rim Lee Tea-Sung Jun |
| author_sort | Hyun-Hak Kang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ti–6Al–4V alloy was subjected to cryogenic treatment at −196 °C followed by single and multiple treatment cycles. Compression tests revealed that, despite a decrease in yield strength, cryogenically treated samples (especially by multiple cryogenic treatment) exhibited noteworthy improvements, with a 10.2% failure strain and 9.4% rise in compressive strength compared to the as-received state. The cryogenically treated samples were further refined and exhibited a reduced β-phase volume fraction, showed higher dislocation density and microstrain in X-ray diffraction results. Remarkably, the surface hardness was significantly improved by the cryogenic treatment, leading to enhanced wear resistance with lower coefficients of friction. This was attributed to the formation of smaller wear debris and a decrease in abrasive wear under sliding conditions. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) findings demonstrate that the friction-induced localized deformation layers exhibit the high density of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) with deformation-induced sub-grains. The synergistic improvement of wear resistance and mechanical properties is ascribed to the intricate microstructural alterations induced during cryogenic treatment, particularly accentuated in multiple cryogenic treatment. These findings highlight the efficacy of cryogenic treatment in improving both mechanical and wear properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T20:04:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5d1c82be8c29450aa36ef413947effd3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T20:04:32Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5d1c82be8c29450aa36ef413947effd32024-03-24T06:58:42ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542024-03-012951185125Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatmentHyun-Hak Kang0Seung-Chang Han1Min-Ki Ji2Jeong-Rim Lee3Tea-Sung Jun4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.Ti–6Al–4V alloy was subjected to cryogenic treatment at −196 °C followed by single and multiple treatment cycles. Compression tests revealed that, despite a decrease in yield strength, cryogenically treated samples (especially by multiple cryogenic treatment) exhibited noteworthy improvements, with a 10.2% failure strain and 9.4% rise in compressive strength compared to the as-received state. The cryogenically treated samples were further refined and exhibited a reduced β-phase volume fraction, showed higher dislocation density and microstrain in X-ray diffraction results. Remarkably, the surface hardness was significantly improved by the cryogenic treatment, leading to enhanced wear resistance with lower coefficients of friction. This was attributed to the formation of smaller wear debris and a decrease in abrasive wear under sliding conditions. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) findings demonstrate that the friction-induced localized deformation layers exhibit the high density of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) with deformation-induced sub-grains. The synergistic improvement of wear resistance and mechanical properties is ascribed to the intricate microstructural alterations induced during cryogenic treatment, particularly accentuated in multiple cryogenic treatment. These findings highlight the efficacy of cryogenic treatment in improving both mechanical and wear properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005039Cryogenic treatmentEBSDWearBall-on-discTi–6Al–4V |
| spellingShingle | Hyun-Hak Kang Seung-Chang Han Min-Ki Ji Jeong-Rim Lee Tea-Sung Jun Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment Journal of Materials Research and Technology Cryogenic treatment EBSD Wear Ball-on-disc Ti–6Al–4V |
| title | Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| title_full | Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| title_fullStr | Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| title_short | Achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in Ti–6Al–4V alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| title_sort | achieving synergistic improvement of wear and mechanical properties in ti 6al 4v alloy by multiple cryogenic treatment |
| topic | Cryogenic treatment EBSD Wear Ball-on-disc Ti–6Al–4V |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424005039 |
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