| Summary: | This article examines how the memory of one of the largest sociopolitical crises in the history of Russia (called the Time of Troubles) modified
over 400 years. This process is considered as an example of rethinking the
traumatic experience of the past and forming a national-patriotic myth on its
basis. Several stages of the evolution of the memory of the Time of Troubles are
issued: the XVII century – when the interpretation of these events was mainly
religious; the XVIII century – when heroic and patriotic ideas about the time of
troubles were formed in accordance with the ideals of classicism; the XIX century
– the time of the development of the monarchical myth of the Romanov dynasty
coming to power; the XX century – when the peasant war and the struggle
against foreign intervention became the main dominant in the understanding of
events; Modern Russia and the annual celebration of the National Unity Day – a
public holiday established in 2005 in memory of the liberation of Moscow in
1612, the main idea of which is the unification of all peoples on the territory of
the Russian Federation. It is noted that for centuries in the cultural memory of
Russian society, two layers of ideas about the Time of Troubles coexisted. One of
them – negative – was the memory of social upheavals and civil war, the other –
positive – the memory of victory and overcoming the Troubles, evoking a sense
of national pride and hopes for the future.
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