A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines
<i>Comperiella calauanica</i> is a host-specific endoparasitoid and effective biological control agent of the diaspidid <i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i>, whose outbreak from 2010 to 2015 severely threatened the coconut industry in the Philippines. Using the maximum entropy (Maxent)...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/26 |
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| author | Billy Joel M. Almarinez Mary Jane A. Fadri Richard Lasina Mary Angelique A. Tavera Thaddeus M. Carvajal Kozo Watanabe Jesusa C. Legaspi Divina M. Amalin |
| author_facet | Billy Joel M. Almarinez Mary Jane A. Fadri Richard Lasina Mary Angelique A. Tavera Thaddeus M. Carvajal Kozo Watanabe Jesusa C. Legaspi Divina M. Amalin |
| author_sort | Billy Joel M. Almarinez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> is a host-specific endoparasitoid and effective biological control agent of the diaspidid <i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i>, whose outbreak from 2010 to 2015 severely threatened the coconut industry in the Philippines. Using the maximum entropy (Maxent) algorithm, we developed a species distribution model (SDM) for <i>C. calauanica</i> based on 19 bioclimatic variables, using occurrence data obtained mostly from field surveys conducted in A. rigidus-infested areas in Luzon Island from 2014 to 2016. The calculated the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values for the model were very high (0.966, standard deviation = 0.005), indicating the model’s high predictive power. Precipitation seasonality was found to have the highest relative contribution to model development. Response curves produced by Maxent suggested the positive influence of mean temperature of the driest quarter, and negative influence of precipitation of the driest and coldest quarters on habitat suitability. Given that <i>C. calauanica</i> has been found to always occur with <i>A. rigidus</i> in Luzon Island due to high host-specificity, the SDM for the parasitoid may also be considered and used as a predictive model for its host. This was confirmed through field surveys conducted between late 2016 and early 2018, which found and confirmed the occurrence of <i>A. rigidus</i> in three areas predicted by the SDM to have moderate to high habitat suitability or probability of occurrence of <i>C. calauanica</i>: Zamboanga City in Mindanao; Isabela City in Basilan Island; and Tablas Island in Romblon. This validation in the field demonstrated the utility of the bioclimate-based SDM for <i>C. calauanica</i> in predicting habitat suitability or probability of occurrence of <i>A. rigidus</i> in the Philippines. |
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| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:30:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-5d40758793b640b8bb8efc3c4d5495992023-11-21T08:00:49ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-01-011212610.3390/insects12010026A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the PhilippinesBilly Joel M. Almarinez0Mary Jane A. Fadri1Richard Lasina2Mary Angelique A. Tavera3Thaddeus M. Carvajal4Kozo Watanabe5Jesusa C. Legaspi6Divina M. Amalin7Biology Department, College of Science, De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PhilippinesBiology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Romblon State University, Odiongan, Romblon 5505, PhilippinesPhilippine Coconut Authority-Zamboanga Research Center, San Ramon, Zamboanga 7000, PhilippinesBiology Department, College of Science, De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, PhilippinesCenter for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, JapanCenter for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, JapanCenter for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USABiology Department, College of Science, De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines<i>Comperiella calauanica</i> is a host-specific endoparasitoid and effective biological control agent of the diaspidid <i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i>, whose outbreak from 2010 to 2015 severely threatened the coconut industry in the Philippines. Using the maximum entropy (Maxent) algorithm, we developed a species distribution model (SDM) for <i>C. calauanica</i> based on 19 bioclimatic variables, using occurrence data obtained mostly from field surveys conducted in A. rigidus-infested areas in Luzon Island from 2014 to 2016. The calculated the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values for the model were very high (0.966, standard deviation = 0.005), indicating the model’s high predictive power. Precipitation seasonality was found to have the highest relative contribution to model development. Response curves produced by Maxent suggested the positive influence of mean temperature of the driest quarter, and negative influence of precipitation of the driest and coldest quarters on habitat suitability. Given that <i>C. calauanica</i> has been found to always occur with <i>A. rigidus</i> in Luzon Island due to high host-specificity, the SDM for the parasitoid may also be considered and used as a predictive model for its host. This was confirmed through field surveys conducted between late 2016 and early 2018, which found and confirmed the occurrence of <i>A. rigidus</i> in three areas predicted by the SDM to have moderate to high habitat suitability or probability of occurrence of <i>C. calauanica</i>: Zamboanga City in Mindanao; Isabela City in Basilan Island; and Tablas Island in Romblon. This validation in the field demonstrated the utility of the bioclimate-based SDM for <i>C. calauanica</i> in predicting habitat suitability or probability of occurrence of <i>A. rigidus</i> in the Philippines.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/26<i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i><i>Comperiella calauanica</i>Maxentpest invasion forecastingspecies distribution modeling |
| spellingShingle | Billy Joel M. Almarinez Mary Jane A. Fadri Richard Lasina Mary Angelique A. Tavera Thaddeus M. Carvajal Kozo Watanabe Jesusa C. Legaspi Divina M. Amalin A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines Insects <i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i> <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Maxent pest invasion forecasting species distribution modeling |
| title | A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines |
| title_full | A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines |
| title_fullStr | A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines |
| title_short | A Bioclimate-Based Maximum Entropy Model for <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Barrion, Almarinez and Amalin (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in the Philippines |
| title_sort | bioclimate based maximum entropy model for i comperiella calauanica i barrion almarinez and amalin hymenoptera encyrtidae in the philippines |
| topic | <i>Aspidiotus rigidus</i> <i>Comperiella calauanica</i> Maxent pest invasion forecasting species distribution modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/1/26 |
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