Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies
Nobuyuki Hizawa Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanCorrespondence: Nobuyuki Hizawa, Email nhizawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jpAbstract: Neither asthma nor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a single disease consisting of a uniform pathogene...
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| Format: | Article |
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Dove Medical Press
2024-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of COPD |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/common-pathogeneses-underlying-asthma-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonar-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD |
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| author | Hizawa N |
| author_facet | Hizawa N |
| author_sort | Hizawa N |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nobuyuki Hizawa Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanCorrespondence: Nobuyuki Hizawa, Email nhizawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jpAbstract: Neither asthma nor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a single disease consisting of a uniform pathogenesis; rather, they are both syndromes that result from a variety of basic distinct pathogeneses. Many of the basic pathogeneses overlap between the two diseases, and multiple basic pathogeneses are simultaneously involved at varying proportions in individual patients. The specific combination of different basic pathogeneses in each patient determines the phenotype of the patient, and it varies widely from patient to patient. For example, type 2 airway inflammation and neutrophilic airway inflammation may coexist in the same patient, and quite a few patients have clinical characteristics of both asthma and COPD. Even in the same patient, the contribution of each pathogenesis is expected to differ at different life stages (eg, childhood, adolescence, middle age, and older), during different seasons (eg, high seasons for hay fever and rhinovirus infection), and depending on the nature of treatments. This review describes several basic pathogeneses commonly involved in both asthma and COPD, including chronic non-type 2 inflammation, type 2 inflammation, viral infections, and lung development. Understanding of the basic molecular pathogeneses in individual patients, rather than the use of clinical diagnosis, such as asthma, COPD, or even asthma COPD overlap, will enable us to better deal with the diversity seen in disease states, and lead to optimal treatment practices tailored for each patient with less disease burden, such as drug-induced side effects, and improved prognosis. Furthermore, we can expect to focus on these molecular pathways as new drug discovery targets.Keywords: Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), endotype, precision medicine, treatable traits approach |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:16:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5d560ff15257478787d6dad5694596ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2005 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:16:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of COPD |
| spelling | doaj.art-5d560ff15257478787d6dad5694596ec2024-03-05T17:51:53ZengDove Medical PressInternational Journal of COPD1178-20052024-03-01Volume 1963364290898Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic StudiesHizawa NNobuyuki Hizawa Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanCorrespondence: Nobuyuki Hizawa, Email nhizawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jpAbstract: Neither asthma nor chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a single disease consisting of a uniform pathogenesis; rather, they are both syndromes that result from a variety of basic distinct pathogeneses. Many of the basic pathogeneses overlap between the two diseases, and multiple basic pathogeneses are simultaneously involved at varying proportions in individual patients. The specific combination of different basic pathogeneses in each patient determines the phenotype of the patient, and it varies widely from patient to patient. For example, type 2 airway inflammation and neutrophilic airway inflammation may coexist in the same patient, and quite a few patients have clinical characteristics of both asthma and COPD. Even in the same patient, the contribution of each pathogenesis is expected to differ at different life stages (eg, childhood, adolescence, middle age, and older), during different seasons (eg, high seasons for hay fever and rhinovirus infection), and depending on the nature of treatments. This review describes several basic pathogeneses commonly involved in both asthma and COPD, including chronic non-type 2 inflammation, type 2 inflammation, viral infections, and lung development. Understanding of the basic molecular pathogeneses in individual patients, rather than the use of clinical diagnosis, such as asthma, COPD, or even asthma COPD overlap, will enable us to better deal with the diversity seen in disease states, and lead to optimal treatment practices tailored for each patient with less disease burden, such as drug-induced side effects, and improved prognosis. Furthermore, we can expect to focus on these molecular pathways as new drug discovery targets.Keywords: Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), endotype, precision medicine, treatable traits approachhttps://www.dovepress.com/common-pathogeneses-underlying-asthma-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonar-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPDasthmachronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)endotypeprecision medicinetreatable traits approach |
| spellingShingle | Hizawa N Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies International Journal of COPD asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) endotype precision medicine treatable traits approach |
| title | Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies |
| title_full | Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies |
| title_fullStr | Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies |
| title_short | Common Pathogeneses Underlying Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -Insights from Genetic Studies |
| title_sort | common pathogeneses underlying asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease insights from genetic studies |
| topic | asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) endotype precision medicine treatable traits approach |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/common-pathogeneses-underlying-asthma-and-chronic-obstructive-pulmonar-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hizawan commonpathogenesesunderlyingasthmaandchronicobstructivepulmonarydiseaseinsightsfromgeneticstudies |