Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production
This paper addresses the energy management of a standalone renewable energy system. The system is configured as a microgrid, including photovoltaic generation, a lead-acid battery as a short term energy storage system, hydrogen production, and several loads. In this microgrid, an energy management s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-03-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/6/1454 |
| _version_ | 1828151867038760960 |
|---|---|
| author | Andreu Cecilia Javier Carroquino Vicente Roda Ramon Costa-Castelló Félix Barreras |
| author_facet | Andreu Cecilia Javier Carroquino Vicente Roda Ramon Costa-Castelló Félix Barreras |
| author_sort | Andreu Cecilia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper addresses the energy management of a standalone renewable energy system. The system is configured as a microgrid, including photovoltaic generation, a lead-acid battery as a short term energy storage system, hydrogen production, and several loads. In this microgrid, an energy management strategy has been incorporated that pursues several objectives. On the one hand, it aims to minimize the amount of energy cycled in the battery, in order to reduce the associated losses and battery size. On the other hand, it seeks to take advantage of the long-term surplus energy, producing hydrogen and extracting it from the system, to be used in a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. A crucial factor in this approach is to accommodate the energy consumption to the energy demand and to achieve this, a model predictive control (MPC) scheme is proposed. In this context, proper models for solar estimation, hydrogen production, and battery energy storage will be presented. Moreover, the controller is capable of advancing or delaying the deferrable loads from its prescheduled time. As a result, a stable and efficient supply with a relatively small battery is obtained. Finally, the proposed control scheme has been validated on a real case scenario. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:03:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5d5cfb63888e4e5cb8160e25a298c212 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:03:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-5d5cfb63888e4e5cb8160e25a298c2122022-12-22T04:00:49ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-03-01136145410.3390/en13061454en13061454Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen ProductionAndreu Cecilia0Javier Carroquino1Vicente Roda2Ramon Costa-Castelló3Félix Barreras4Institut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Llorens i Artigas 4-6, 08028 Barcelona, SpainIntergia Energía Sostenible S.L., C/María de Luna 11, nave 19, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainInstitut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Llorens i Artigas 4-6, 08028 Barcelona, SpainInstitut de Robòtica i Informàtica Industrial, CSIC-UPC, Llorens i Artigas 4-6, 08028 Barcelona, SpainLIFTEC, CSIC-Univ. of Zaragoza, C/María de Luna 10, 50018 Zaragoza, SpainThis paper addresses the energy management of a standalone renewable energy system. The system is configured as a microgrid, including photovoltaic generation, a lead-acid battery as a short term energy storage system, hydrogen production, and several loads. In this microgrid, an energy management strategy has been incorporated that pursues several objectives. On the one hand, it aims to minimize the amount of energy cycled in the battery, in order to reduce the associated losses and battery size. On the other hand, it seeks to take advantage of the long-term surplus energy, producing hydrogen and extracting it from the system, to be used in a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. A crucial factor in this approach is to accommodate the energy consumption to the energy demand and to achieve this, a model predictive control (MPC) scheme is proposed. In this context, proper models for solar estimation, hydrogen production, and battery energy storage will be presented. Moreover, the controller is capable of advancing or delaying the deferrable loads from its prescheduled time. As a result, a stable and efficient supply with a relatively small battery is obtained. Finally, the proposed control scheme has been validated on a real case scenario.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/6/1454standalone renewable energy systemssolar photovoltaic energydemand side managementdeferrable loadsmodel predictive controlhydrogenfuel cells |
| spellingShingle | Andreu Cecilia Javier Carroquino Vicente Roda Ramon Costa-Castelló Félix Barreras Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production Energies standalone renewable energy systems solar photovoltaic energy demand side management deferrable loads model predictive control hydrogen fuel cells |
| title | Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production |
| title_full | Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production |
| title_short | Optimal Energy Management in a Standalone Microgrid, with Photovoltaic Generation, Short-Term Storage, and Hydrogen Production |
| title_sort | optimal energy management in a standalone microgrid with photovoltaic generation short term storage and hydrogen production |
| topic | standalone renewable energy systems solar photovoltaic energy demand side management deferrable loads model predictive control hydrogen fuel cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/6/1454 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT andreucecilia optimalenergymanagementinastandalonemicrogridwithphotovoltaicgenerationshorttermstorageandhydrogenproduction AT javiercarroquino optimalenergymanagementinastandalonemicrogridwithphotovoltaicgenerationshorttermstorageandhydrogenproduction AT vicenteroda optimalenergymanagementinastandalonemicrogridwithphotovoltaicgenerationshorttermstorageandhydrogenproduction AT ramoncostacastello optimalenergymanagementinastandalonemicrogridwithphotovoltaicgenerationshorttermstorageandhydrogenproduction AT felixbarreras optimalenergymanagementinastandalonemicrogridwithphotovoltaicgenerationshorttermstorageandhydrogenproduction |