Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile
One important landscape-scale consequence of deforestation is reduced connectivity, which has the potential to isolate populations in ways that affect genetic diversity and population structure. Among the many regions of the world where this scenario has played out is the South American temperate fo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Resilience Alliance
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Avian Conservation and Ecology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ace-eco.org/vol15/iss2/art19/ |
| _version_ | 1797968206214725632 |
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| author | Yanina Poblete Gerardo E. Soto Leonardo Campagna Miguel E. Ávila Carolina Fernández Cristian R. Flores Amanda D. Rodewald |
| author_facet | Yanina Poblete Gerardo E. Soto Leonardo Campagna Miguel E. Ávila Carolina Fernández Cristian R. Flores Amanda D. Rodewald |
| author_sort | Yanina Poblete |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One important landscape-scale consequence of deforestation is reduced connectivity, which has the potential to isolate populations in ways that affect genetic diversity and population structure. Among the many regions of the world where this scenario has played out is the South American temperate forest (SATF) in southern Chile, and there is now strong concern about the population viability of forest taxa. We studied one such species, the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus), a forest specialist that is now listed as vulnerable in parts of its range in Chile. We characterized genetic variability and population structure from 33 samples of Magellanic Woodpeckers from two large but isolated populations in Nahuelbuta National Park in the Coastal mountain range and the Conguillío National Park in the Andes using ddRAD-seq method. We found lower genetic variability in Nahuelbuta than Conguillío, but inbreeding values (FIS) did not show evidence for inbreeding depression. Results suggest the presence of two genetic clusters, with an average FST value of 0.04. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Nahuelbuta population forms a clade that is nested within the individuals from Conguillío, suggesting limited gene flow between these populations. Our results support the idea that extensive deforestation has played a role in shaping the genetic patterns that we have identified. Because of this, we emphasize the need for regional planning to increase the structural connectivity between fragments of mature native forests, to provide an opportunity for the persistence of Magellanic Woodpeckers in this region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:43:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5d64123d717647e4a25f07d4e6aeb3a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1712-6568 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T02:43:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Resilience Alliance |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Avian Conservation and Ecology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5d64123d717647e4a25f07d4e6aeb3a52023-01-02T18:34:27ZengResilience AllianceAvian Conservation and Ecology1712-65682020-12-01152191692Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern ChileYanina Poblete0Gerardo E. Soto1Leonardo Campagna2Miguel E. Ávila3Carolina Fernández4Cristian R. Flores5Amanda D. Rodewald6Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (NIAVA), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, ChileCornell Lab Ornithology and Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USACornell Lab Ornithology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USANúcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (NIAVA), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, ChilePrograma de Magister en Áreas Silvestres y Conservación de la Naturaleza, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, ChileEscuela de Ingeniería en Gestión de Expediciones y Ecoturismo, Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, ChileCornell Lab Ornithology and Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USAOne important landscape-scale consequence of deforestation is reduced connectivity, which has the potential to isolate populations in ways that affect genetic diversity and population structure. Among the many regions of the world where this scenario has played out is the South American temperate forest (SATF) in southern Chile, and there is now strong concern about the population viability of forest taxa. We studied one such species, the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus), a forest specialist that is now listed as vulnerable in parts of its range in Chile. We characterized genetic variability and population structure from 33 samples of Magellanic Woodpeckers from two large but isolated populations in Nahuelbuta National Park in the Coastal mountain range and the Conguillío National Park in the Andes using ddRAD-seq method. We found lower genetic variability in Nahuelbuta than Conguillío, but inbreeding values (FIS) did not show evidence for inbreeding depression. Results suggest the presence of two genetic clusters, with an average FST value of 0.04. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Nahuelbuta population forms a clade that is nested within the individuals from Conguillío, suggesting limited gene flow between these populations. Our results support the idea that extensive deforestation has played a role in shaping the genetic patterns that we have identified. Because of this, we emphasize the need for regional planning to increase the structural connectivity between fragments of mature native forests, to provide an opportunity for the persistence of Magellanic Woodpeckers in this region.https://www.ace-eco.org/vol15/iss2/art19/conservationgenetic variabilitymagellanic woodpeckerpopulation structuresouthern chile. |
| spellingShingle | Yanina Poblete Gerardo E. Soto Leonardo Campagna Miguel E. Ávila Carolina Fernández Cristian R. Flores Amanda D. Rodewald Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile Avian Conservation and Ecology conservation genetic variability magellanic woodpecker population structure southern chile. |
| title | Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile |
| title_full | Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile |
| title_fullStr | Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile |
| title_short | Deforestation patterns shape population structure of the Magellanic Woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus) in southern Chile |
| title_sort | deforestation patterns shape population structure of the magellanic woodpecker campephilus magellanicus in southern chile |
| topic | conservation genetic variability magellanic woodpecker population structure southern chile. |
| url | https://www.ace-eco.org/vol15/iss2/art19/ |
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