Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding

Abstract Background Hepatic encephalopathy exacerbates the morbidity, delays hospital discharge, and increases the rate of readmissions of cirrhotic patients, particularly those are admitted by acute variceal bleeding. We evaluated the performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic...

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Main Authors: Rehab Elsayed Elsafty, Abdallah Ahmed Elsawy, Ahmed Fawzy Selim, Atef Mohamed Taha
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2021-03-01
Series:Egyptian Liver Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-021-00088-6
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author Rehab Elsayed Elsafty
Abdallah Ahmed Elsawy
Ahmed Fawzy Selim
Atef Mohamed Taha
author_facet Rehab Elsayed Elsafty
Abdallah Ahmed Elsawy
Ahmed Fawzy Selim
Atef Mohamed Taha
author_sort Rehab Elsayed Elsafty
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Hepatic encephalopathy exacerbates the morbidity, delays hospital discharge, and increases the rate of readmissions of cirrhotic patients, particularly those are admitted by acute variceal bleeding. We evaluated the performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding, in comparison to Child-Pugh and MELD scores. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 250 cirrhotic patients who were consecutively presented by acute variceal bleeding in the period from January to December 2020 at Tanta university emergency hospital. Albumin-bilirubin, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores were measured at admission, and then all patients were followed up for 4 weeks after endoscopic bleeding control for possible occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy Results Albumin-bilirubin, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores had significant performances in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding; in this regard, albumin-bilirubin score had the highest accuracy (AUC 0.858, CI 0.802-0.914, sig 0.000) followed by Child-Pugh score (AUC 0.654, CI 0.574–0.735, sig 0.001) and then MELD score (AUC 0.602, CI 0.519–0.686, sig 0.031). The cumulative incidence of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with albumin-bilirubin grade 3 was found to be significantly more than that present in albumin-bilirubin grade 2; most of these hepatic encephalopathy cases occurred in the first 2 weeks of follow-up period. Conclusions Albumin-bilirubin score has a significant performance in risk prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding better than Child-Pugh and MELD scores. Albumin-bilirubin grades could be used as a risk stratifying tool to triage cirrhotic patients who will benefit from early discharge after bleeding control and those patients who will benefit from prophylactic measures for hepatic encephalopathy.
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spelling doaj.art-5db0147f36634a6e8f0d673e3ba1e4912022-12-21T20:02:55ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Liver Journal2090-62262021-03-011111710.1186/s43066-021-00088-6Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleedingRehab Elsayed Elsafty0Abdallah Ahmed Elsawy1Ahmed Fawzy Selim2Atef Mohamed Taha3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta UniversityAbstract Background Hepatic encephalopathy exacerbates the morbidity, delays hospital discharge, and increases the rate of readmissions of cirrhotic patients, particularly those are admitted by acute variceal bleeding. We evaluated the performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding, in comparison to Child-Pugh and MELD scores. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 250 cirrhotic patients who were consecutively presented by acute variceal bleeding in the period from January to December 2020 at Tanta university emergency hospital. Albumin-bilirubin, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores were measured at admission, and then all patients were followed up for 4 weeks after endoscopic bleeding control for possible occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy Results Albumin-bilirubin, Child-Pugh, and MELD scores had significant performances in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding; in this regard, albumin-bilirubin score had the highest accuracy (AUC 0.858, CI 0.802-0.914, sig 0.000) followed by Child-Pugh score (AUC 0.654, CI 0.574–0.735, sig 0.001) and then MELD score (AUC 0.602, CI 0.519–0.686, sig 0.031). The cumulative incidence of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with albumin-bilirubin grade 3 was found to be significantly more than that present in albumin-bilirubin grade 2; most of these hepatic encephalopathy cases occurred in the first 2 weeks of follow-up period. Conclusions Albumin-bilirubin score has a significant performance in risk prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding better than Child-Pugh and MELD scores. Albumin-bilirubin grades could be used as a risk stratifying tool to triage cirrhotic patients who will benefit from early discharge after bleeding control and those patients who will benefit from prophylactic measures for hepatic encephalopathy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-021-00088-6Albumin-bilirubin scorePredictionHepatic encephalopathyVariceal bleedingCirrhosis
spellingShingle Rehab Elsayed Elsafty
Abdallah Ahmed Elsawy
Ahmed Fawzy Selim
Atef Mohamed Taha
Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
Egyptian Liver Journal
Albumin-bilirubin score
Prediction
Hepatic encephalopathy
Variceal bleeding
Cirrhosis
title Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
title_full Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
title_fullStr Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
title_full_unstemmed Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
title_short Performance of albumin-bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
title_sort performance of albumin bilirubin score in prediction of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding
topic Albumin-bilirubin score
Prediction
Hepatic encephalopathy
Variceal bleeding
Cirrhosis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-021-00088-6
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