Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions
<i>Bactrocera oleae</i> is the key pest of olive production. Several attempts have been carried out over time to control it using biological solutions but with results rarely comparable to those obtained with chemical applications. The purpose of this work was to identify and test new co...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2834 |
| _version_ | 1797466113889533952 |
|---|---|
| author | Giovanni Jesu Stefania Laudonia Giuliano Bonanomi Gavin Flematti Salvatore Giacinto Germinara Marco Pistillo David Giron Annie Bézier Francesco Vinale |
| author_facet | Giovanni Jesu Stefania Laudonia Giuliano Bonanomi Gavin Flematti Salvatore Giacinto Germinara Marco Pistillo David Giron Annie Bézier Francesco Vinale |
| author_sort | Giovanni Jesu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> is the key pest of olive production. Several attempts have been carried out over time to control it using biological solutions but with results rarely comparable to those obtained with chemical applications. The purpose of this work was to identify and test new compounds from samples of various Smoke Waters (SWs) for their effect on the fly, and given their low impact on the environment. SWs obtained from different feedstocks were used in in vitro and open field applications. SWs were shown to alter <i>B. oleae</i> fitness, acting on its microbiome, particularly on the presence and activity of the primary endosymbiont “<i>Ca</i>. Erwinia dacicola”, and also to affect the behavior of the adult flies, altering the attractiveness of the drupes susceptible to attack. The effects recorded were concentration-dependent and varied among repulsion, up to 87% towards females, indecision, up to 70% towards males, and attraction, comparable to fresh green olives, based on the starting materials. These responses were confirmed in electroantennography trials and during two-years of field trials carried out in South and Central Italy. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry highlighted the presence of compounds such as guaiacol and hydroquinone as potentially important for the observed activity. Principal Component Analyses confirmed the proximity among SWs obtained from similar feedstocks. In controlled conditions, females appear to be more sensitive to the SW treatments. Field trials have shown how the effects of SWs can lead depression of infestation levels obtainable with other well-known compounds, such as kaolin clay and isopropyl-myristate (repulsive), or pheromones (attractive). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:32:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5dc8026092ac418d93de67fdb33b0e05 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:32:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5dc8026092ac418d93de67fdb33b0e052023-11-24T07:26:21ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-11-011211283410.3390/agronomy12112834Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field ConditionsGiovanni Jesu0Stefania Laudonia1Giuliano Bonanomi2Gavin Flematti3Salvatore Giacinto Germinara4Marco Pistillo5David Giron6Annie Bézier7Francesco Vinale8Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, ItalySchool of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, AustraliaDepartment of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyInstitut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261 CNRS-University of Tours, 37000 Tours, FranceInstitut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261 CNRS-University of Tours, 37000 Tours, FranceInteruniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy<i>Bactrocera oleae</i> is the key pest of olive production. Several attempts have been carried out over time to control it using biological solutions but with results rarely comparable to those obtained with chemical applications. The purpose of this work was to identify and test new compounds from samples of various Smoke Waters (SWs) for their effect on the fly, and given their low impact on the environment. SWs obtained from different feedstocks were used in in vitro and open field applications. SWs were shown to alter <i>B. oleae</i> fitness, acting on its microbiome, particularly on the presence and activity of the primary endosymbiont “<i>Ca</i>. Erwinia dacicola”, and also to affect the behavior of the adult flies, altering the attractiveness of the drupes susceptible to attack. The effects recorded were concentration-dependent and varied among repulsion, up to 87% towards females, indecision, up to 70% towards males, and attraction, comparable to fresh green olives, based on the starting materials. These responses were confirmed in electroantennography trials and during two-years of field trials carried out in South and Central Italy. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry highlighted the presence of compounds such as guaiacol and hydroquinone as potentially important for the observed activity. Principal Component Analyses confirmed the proximity among SWs obtained from similar feedstocks. In controlled conditions, females appear to be more sensitive to the SW treatments. Field trials have shown how the effects of SWs can lead depression of infestation levels obtainable with other well-known compounds, such as kaolin clay and isopropyl-myristate (repulsive), or pheromones (attractive).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2834fly microbiomenatural compoundsVOCsbiocontrol<i>Candidatus</i> Erwinia dacicola |
| spellingShingle | Giovanni Jesu Stefania Laudonia Giuliano Bonanomi Gavin Flematti Salvatore Giacinto Germinara Marco Pistillo David Giron Annie Bézier Francesco Vinale Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions Agronomy fly microbiome natural compounds VOCs biocontrol <i>Candidatus</i> Erwinia dacicola |
| title | Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions |
| title_full | Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions |
| title_short | Biochar-Derived Smoke Waters Affect <i>Bactrocera oleae</i> Behavior and Control the Olive Fruit Fly under Field Conditions |
| title_sort | biochar derived smoke waters affect i bactrocera oleae i behavior and control the olive fruit fly under field conditions |
| topic | fly microbiome natural compounds VOCs biocontrol <i>Candidatus</i> Erwinia dacicola |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2834 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giovannijesu biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT stefanialaudonia biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT giulianobonanomi biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT gavinflematti biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT salvatoregiacintogerminara biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT marcopistillo biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT davidgiron biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT anniebezier biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions AT francescovinale biocharderivedsmokewatersaffectibactroceraoleaeibehaviorandcontroltheolivefruitflyunderfieldconditions |