Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants
Abstract A growing body of research has shown how important vitamin D is in the prognosis of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The vitamin D receptor is necessary for vitamin D to perform its effects, and its polymorphisms can help in this regard. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the associa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30859-7 |
| _version_ | 1797864831319015424 |
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| author | Ayad Naji Radha Al-Gharrawi Enayat Anvari Abolfazl Fateh |
| author_facet | Ayad Naji Radha Al-Gharrawi Enayat Anvari Abolfazl Fateh |
| author_sort | Ayad Naji Radha Al-Gharrawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A growing body of research has shown how important vitamin D is in the prognosis of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The vitamin D receptor is necessary for vitamin D to perform its effects, and its polymorphisms can help in this regard. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 polymorphisms in different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants were influential in the outcomes of COVID-19. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was utilized to determine the different genotypes of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in 1734 and 1450 patients who had recovered and deceased, respectively. Our finding revealed that the ApaI rs7975232 AA genotype in the Delta and Omicron BA.5 and the CA genotype in the Delta and Alpha variants were associated with higher mortality rate. Also, the BsmI rs1544410 GG genotype in the Delta and Omicron BA.5 and the GA genotype in the Delta and Alpha variants were related to a higher mortality rate. The A-G haplotype was linked with COVID-19 mortality in both the Alpha and Delta variants. The A-A haplotype for the Omicron BA.5 variants was statistically significant. In conclusion, our research revealed a connection between SARS-CoV-2 variants and the impacts of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 polymorphisms. However, more research is still needed to substantiate our findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:58:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5dd0c68cbf4845008dd012adef7c2a15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:58:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-5dd0c68cbf4845008dd012adef7c2a152023-03-22T11:06:20ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-011311910.1038/s41598-023-30859-7Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variantsAyad Naji Radha Al-Gharrawi0Enayat Anvari1Abolfazl Fateh2Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityClinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Ilam University of Medical ScienceDepartment of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of IranAbstract A growing body of research has shown how important vitamin D is in the prognosis of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The vitamin D receptor is necessary for vitamin D to perform its effects, and its polymorphisms can help in this regard. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 polymorphisms in different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants were influential in the outcomes of COVID-19. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was utilized to determine the different genotypes of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in 1734 and 1450 patients who had recovered and deceased, respectively. Our finding revealed that the ApaI rs7975232 AA genotype in the Delta and Omicron BA.5 and the CA genotype in the Delta and Alpha variants were associated with higher mortality rate. Also, the BsmI rs1544410 GG genotype in the Delta and Omicron BA.5 and the GA genotype in the Delta and Alpha variants were related to a higher mortality rate. The A-G haplotype was linked with COVID-19 mortality in both the Alpha and Delta variants. The A-A haplotype for the Omicron BA.5 variants was statistically significant. In conclusion, our research revealed a connection between SARS-CoV-2 variants and the impacts of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 polymorphisms. However, more research is still needed to substantiate our findings.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30859-7 |
| spellingShingle | Ayad Naji Radha Al-Gharrawi Enayat Anvari Abolfazl Fateh Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants Scientific Reports |
| title | Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| title_full | Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| title_fullStr | Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| title_short | Association of ApaI rs7975232 and BsmI rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients according to different SARS-CoV-2 variants |
| title_sort | association of apai rs7975232 and bsmi rs1544410 in clinical outcomes of covid 19 patients according to different sars cov 2 variants |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30859-7 |
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