Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide
Polyacrylamide (PAM)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) gels doped with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared. Their structure and properties were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transition infrared spectrum (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential sc...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/15/5714 |
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| author | Hai-Peng Zhang Jing-Jing Cao Wen-Bing Jiang Yu-Qi Yang Bo-Yuan Zhu Xiao-Yu Liu Yang Wu Xin Sun Ariane Felicite Bibiche Essouma Essouma Jian Liu Ting-Yan Xing |
| author_facet | Hai-Peng Zhang Jing-Jing Cao Wen-Bing Jiang Yu-Qi Yang Bo-Yuan Zhu Xiao-Yu Liu Yang Wu Xin Sun Ariane Felicite Bibiche Essouma Essouma Jian Liu Ting-Yan Xing |
| author_sort | Hai-Peng Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyacrylamide (PAM)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) gels doped with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared. Their structure and properties were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transition infrared spectrum (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and rheological experiments. The results showed that the graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were significantly involved in the cross-linking reaction between the main agent (PAM) and the cross-linker (PEI), serving as multi-functional cross-linker and effective reinforcing nanofillers. Increasing the main agent and cross-linker content, the strength of gels was enhanced effectively. The GO could effectively adjust the strength and the gelation time to exhibit characteristics of weak gel, thanks to the improved three-dimensional honeycombed structure with controllable pore size. The DSC confirmed that the PAM/PEI/GO gel exhibited excellent thermal stability and did not dehydrate above 170 °C. This work provides theoretical support for further optimization of polyacrylamide gel used in ultra-deep and high-temperature reservoirs for water control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:26:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5dd0f60dc5ba46389357175e8b9f9986 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:26:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-5dd0f60dc5ba46389357175e8b9f99862023-12-03T12:36:31ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-08-011515571410.3390/en15155714Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene OxideHai-Peng Zhang0Jing-Jing Cao1Wen-Bing Jiang2Yu-Qi Yang3Bo-Yuan Zhu4Xiao-Yu Liu5Yang Wu6Xin Sun7Ariane Felicite Bibiche Essouma Essouma8Jian Liu9Ting-Yan Xing10State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Urumqi 830000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaInstitute of Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102200, ChinaInstitute of Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102200, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing at Karamay, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, ChinaPolyacrylamide (PAM)/polyethyleneimine (PEI) gels doped with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared. Their structure and properties were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transition infrared spectrum (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and rheological experiments. The results showed that the graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were significantly involved in the cross-linking reaction between the main agent (PAM) and the cross-linker (PEI), serving as multi-functional cross-linker and effective reinforcing nanofillers. Increasing the main agent and cross-linker content, the strength of gels was enhanced effectively. The GO could effectively adjust the strength and the gelation time to exhibit characteristics of weak gel, thanks to the improved three-dimensional honeycombed structure with controllable pore size. The DSC confirmed that the PAM/PEI/GO gel exhibited excellent thermal stability and did not dehydrate above 170 °C. This work provides theoretical support for further optimization of polyacrylamide gel used in ultra-deep and high-temperature reservoirs for water control.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/15/5714polyacrylamidegraphene oxiderheological propertiesmechanical behaviornanocomposite hydrogelmicrostructure |
| spellingShingle | Hai-Peng Zhang Jing-Jing Cao Wen-Bing Jiang Yu-Qi Yang Bo-Yuan Zhu Xiao-Yu Liu Yang Wu Xin Sun Ariane Felicite Bibiche Essouma Essouma Jian Liu Ting-Yan Xing Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide Energies polyacrylamide graphene oxide rheological properties mechanical behavior nanocomposite hydrogel microstructure |
| title | Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide |
| title_full | Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide |
| title_short | Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylamide Gel Doped with Graphene Oxide |
| title_sort | synthesis and mechanical properties of polyacrylamide gel doped with graphene oxide |
| topic | polyacrylamide graphene oxide rheological properties mechanical behavior nanocomposite hydrogel microstructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/15/5714 |
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