Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake
The objective of this study was to examine the relationships among ruminal microbial community, rumen morphometrics, feeding behavior, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore cattle, classified by residual feed intake (RFI). Twenty-seven Nellore yearling bulls with an initial bod...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/7/820 |
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| author | Antonio M. Silvestre Ana Carolina J. Pinto Werner F. Schleifer Lidiane S. Miranda Leandro A. F. Silva Daniel M. Casali Katia L. R. Souza Vanessa G. L. Gasparini Gustavo D. Cruz Garret Suen Danilo D. Millen |
| author_facet | Antonio M. Silvestre Ana Carolina J. Pinto Werner F. Schleifer Lidiane S. Miranda Leandro A. F. Silva Daniel M. Casali Katia L. R. Souza Vanessa G. L. Gasparini Gustavo D. Cruz Garret Suen Danilo D. Millen |
| author_sort | Antonio M. Silvestre |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to examine the relationships among ruminal microbial community, rumen morphometrics, feeding behavior, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore cattle, classified by residual feed intake (RFI). Twenty-seven Nellore yearling bulls with an initial body weight (BW) of 423.84 ± 21.81 kg were fed in feedlot for 107 d in individual pens to determine the RFI phenotype. Bulls were categorized as high RFI (>0.5 SD above the mean, <i>n</i> = 8), medium RFI (±0.5 SD from the mean, <i>n</i> = 9), and low RFI (<0.5 SD below the mean, <i>n</i> = 10). At harvest, whole rumen content samples were collected from each bull to evaluate ruminal microbial community, including bacteria and protozoa. The carcass characteristics were determined by ultrasonography at the beginning and at the end of the experimental period, and behavior data were collected on d 88. As a result of ranking Nellore bulls by RFI, cattle from low-RFI group presented lesser daily dry matter intake (DMI), either in kilograms (<i>p</i> < 0.01) or as percentage of BW (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than high-RFI yearling bulls, resulting in improved gain:feed (G:F). However, variables, such as average daily gain (ADG), final BW, hot carcass weight (HCW) and other carcass characteristics did not differ (<i>p</i> > 0.05) across RFI groups. The eating rate of either dry matter (DM )(<i>p</i> = 0.04) or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (<i>p</i> < 0.01) was slower in medium-RFI yearling bulls. For ruminal morphometrics an RFI effect was observed only on keratinized layer thickness, in which a thinner layer (<i>p</i> = 0.04) was observed in low-RFI Nellore yearling bulls. Likewise, Nellore yearling bulls classified by the RFI did not differ in terms of Shannon’s diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.57) and Chao richness (<i>p</i> = 0.98). Our results suggest that the differences in feed efficiency of Nellore bulls differing in phenotypic RFI should be attributed to metabolic variables other than ruminal microorganisms and epithelium, and deserves further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:11:45Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5dd18201fec04c5aa0fef9d4b63d821a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:11:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5dd18201fec04c5aa0fef9d4b63d821a2023-11-30T22:50:50ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-03-0112782010.3390/ani12070820Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed IntakeAntonio M. Silvestre0Ana Carolina J. Pinto1Werner F. Schleifer2Lidiane S. Miranda3Leandro A. F. Silva4Daniel M. Casali5Katia L. R. Souza6Vanessa G. L. Gasparini7Gustavo D. Cruz8Garret Suen9Danilo D. Millen10School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, BrazilSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilCollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilPurina Animal Nutrition LLC, Arden Hills, MN 55126, USADepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USACollege of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, BrazilThe objective of this study was to examine the relationships among ruminal microbial community, rumen morphometrics, feeding behavior, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore cattle, classified by residual feed intake (RFI). Twenty-seven Nellore yearling bulls with an initial body weight (BW) of 423.84 ± 21.81 kg were fed in feedlot for 107 d in individual pens to determine the RFI phenotype. Bulls were categorized as high RFI (>0.5 SD above the mean, <i>n</i> = 8), medium RFI (±0.5 SD from the mean, <i>n</i> = 9), and low RFI (<0.5 SD below the mean, <i>n</i> = 10). At harvest, whole rumen content samples were collected from each bull to evaluate ruminal microbial community, including bacteria and protozoa. The carcass characteristics were determined by ultrasonography at the beginning and at the end of the experimental period, and behavior data were collected on d 88. As a result of ranking Nellore bulls by RFI, cattle from low-RFI group presented lesser daily dry matter intake (DMI), either in kilograms (<i>p</i> < 0.01) or as percentage of BW (<i>p</i> < 0.01) than high-RFI yearling bulls, resulting in improved gain:feed (G:F). However, variables, such as average daily gain (ADG), final BW, hot carcass weight (HCW) and other carcass characteristics did not differ (<i>p</i> > 0.05) across RFI groups. The eating rate of either dry matter (DM )(<i>p</i> = 0.04) or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (<i>p</i> < 0.01) was slower in medium-RFI yearling bulls. For ruminal morphometrics an RFI effect was observed only on keratinized layer thickness, in which a thinner layer (<i>p</i> = 0.04) was observed in low-RFI Nellore yearling bulls. Likewise, Nellore yearling bulls classified by the RFI did not differ in terms of Shannon’s diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.57) and Chao richness (<i>p</i> = 0.98). Our results suggest that the differences in feed efficiency of Nellore bulls differing in phenotypic RFI should be attributed to metabolic variables other than ruminal microorganisms and epithelium, and deserves further investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/7/820carcassfeed efficiencyNelloreperformanceruminal epithelium16S ribosomal RNA |
| spellingShingle | Antonio M. Silvestre Ana Carolina J. Pinto Werner F. Schleifer Lidiane S. Miranda Leandro A. F. Silva Daniel M. Casali Katia L. R. Souza Vanessa G. L. Gasparini Gustavo D. Cruz Garret Suen Danilo D. Millen Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake Animals carcass feed efficiency Nellore performance ruminal epithelium 16S ribosomal RNA |
| title | Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake |
| title_full | Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake |
| title_fullStr | Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake |
| title_short | Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake |
| title_sort | relationships of the microbial communities with rumen epithelium development of nellore cattle finished in feedlot differing in phenotypic residual feed intake |
| topic | carcass feed efficiency Nellore performance ruminal epithelium 16S ribosomal RNA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/7/820 |
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