The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks
Abstract Background To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale. Methods Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1 |
| _version_ | 1827632914789040128 |
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| author | Rasha A. Alamoush Nesreen A. Salim Alaaeldin Elraggal Julian D. Satterthwaite Nikolaos Silikas |
| author_facet | Rasha A. Alamoush Nesreen A. Salim Alaaeldin Elraggal Julian D. Satterthwaite Nikolaos Silikas |
| author_sort | Rasha A. Alamoush |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale. Methods Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, and one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block. Specimens of each material (n = 6) were separated into two groups (n = 3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23˚C and 3 months storage in 37˚C distilled water). Nano-indentation creep measurements were undertaken (creep depth measured in µm) using a nanoindenter (Nanovea) equipped with Berkovich three-sided pyramidal diamond tip. The machine was set for the chosen parameters: a load of 20 gf, a pause of 20 s, and the material type. Thirty indentations on 3 samples were made for each material for each test. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests and independent t-test (< 0.05) for comparisons between the materials. Results The nanoindentation creep depth after 24 h storage ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 μm and increased after 3 months storage in distilled water to between 0.28 and 3.46 μm. There was a statistically significant difference in nanoindentation creep behaviour between the two storage conditions for each investigated material (independent t-test) and between all materials (Bonferroni post hoc). There was a non-significant negative correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and filler weight% at 24 h dry storage but a significant correlation at 3 months of water storage. A further non-significant positive correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and bulk compressive creep (%) was found. Conclusion The PICN material showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depth in both storage conditions. Other composite blocks showed comparable performance at 24 h dry condition, but an increased nanoindentation creep upon water storage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:52:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5de6b3c8531149249d7de902d2a0854f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:52:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-5de6b3c8531149249d7de902d2a0854f2023-11-26T14:24:49ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312023-08-012311810.1186/s12903-023-03145-1The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocksRasha A. Alamoush0Nesreen A. Salim1Alaaeldin Elraggal2Julian D. Satterthwaite3Nikolaos Silikas4Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of JordanDepartment of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of JordanOperative Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria UniversityDivision Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of ManchesterDivision Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of ManchesterAbstract Background To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale. Methods Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, and one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block. Specimens of each material (n = 6) were separated into two groups (n = 3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23˚C and 3 months storage in 37˚C distilled water). Nano-indentation creep measurements were undertaken (creep depth measured in µm) using a nanoindenter (Nanovea) equipped with Berkovich three-sided pyramidal diamond tip. The machine was set for the chosen parameters: a load of 20 gf, a pause of 20 s, and the material type. Thirty indentations on 3 samples were made for each material for each test. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests and independent t-test (< 0.05) for comparisons between the materials. Results The nanoindentation creep depth after 24 h storage ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 μm and increased after 3 months storage in distilled water to between 0.28 and 3.46 μm. There was a statistically significant difference in nanoindentation creep behaviour between the two storage conditions for each investigated material (independent t-test) and between all materials (Bonferroni post hoc). There was a non-significant negative correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and filler weight% at 24 h dry storage but a significant correlation at 3 months of water storage. A further non-significant positive correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and bulk compressive creep (%) was found. Conclusion The PICN material showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depth in both storage conditions. Other composite blocks showed comparable performance at 24 h dry condition, but an increased nanoindentation creep upon water storage.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1CAD-CAM composite blocksPolymer-infiltrated ceramic networkNanoindentation creepPolyetheretherketone |
| spellingShingle | Rasha A. Alamoush Nesreen A. Salim Alaaeldin Elraggal Julian D. Satterthwaite Nikolaos Silikas The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks BMC Oral Health CAD-CAM composite blocks Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network Nanoindentation creep Polyetheretherketone |
| title | The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks |
| title_full | The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks |
| title_fullStr | The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks |
| title_short | The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks |
| title_sort | effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various cad cam composite blocks |
| topic | CAD-CAM composite blocks Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network Nanoindentation creep Polyetheretherketone |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1 |
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