Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing
This paper discusses the changes in the phase composition and magnetic properties of the AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 steels that were nitrided at 570 °C in an ammonia atmosphere for 5 h and that were then annealed at 520 °C in a N<sub>2</sub>/Ar atmosphere for 4 h. The test samples were made...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| author | Sławomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek Jerzy Michalski Tadeusz Frączek Agata Dudek Hubert Fuks Grzegorz Leniec |
| author_facet | Sławomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek Jerzy Michalski Tadeusz Frączek Agata Dudek Hubert Fuks Grzegorz Leniec |
| author_sort | Sławomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper discusses the changes in the phase composition and magnetic properties of the AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 steels that were nitrided at 570 °C in an ammonia atmosphere for 5 h and that were then annealed at 520 °C in a N<sub>2</sub>/Ar atmosphere for 4 h. The test samples were made in the form of balls with diameters of less than 5 mm. The thickness of the obtained iron nitride layers was assessed through metallographic tests, while the phase composition was verified through X-ray tests. The magnetic properties were determined using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) techniques. Our research shows that, during the annealing of iron nitrides with a structure of ε + γ′, the ε phase decomposes first. As a result of this process, an increase in the content of the γ′ phase of the iron nitride is observed. When the ε phase is completely decomposed, the γ′ phase begins to decompose. The observed FMR signals did not come from isolated ions but from more magnetically complex systems, e.g., Fe–Fe pairs or iron clusters. Studies have shown that nitriding and annealing can be used to modify the magnetic properties of the tested steels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5dfb5d1da4e148e48b5338519a36dbdd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:10:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-5dfb5d1da4e148e48b5338519a36dbdd2023-11-18T11:36:15ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-06-01136106010.3390/met13061060Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and AnnealingSławomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek0Jerzy Michalski1Tadeusz Frączek2Agata Dudek3Hubert Fuks4Grzegorz Leniec5Department of Technical Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin, PolandFaculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandFaculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandFaculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Al. Armii Krajowej 19, 42-201 Czestochowa, PolandDepartment of Technical Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Technical Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 48, 70-311 Szczecin, PolandThis paper discusses the changes in the phase composition and magnetic properties of the AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 steels that were nitrided at 570 °C in an ammonia atmosphere for 5 h and that were then annealed at 520 °C in a N<sub>2</sub>/Ar atmosphere for 4 h. The test samples were made in the form of balls with diameters of less than 5 mm. The thickness of the obtained iron nitride layers was assessed through metallographic tests, while the phase composition was verified through X-ray tests. The magnetic properties were determined using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) techniques. Our research shows that, during the annealing of iron nitrides with a structure of ε + γ′, the ε phase decomposes first. As a result of this process, an increase in the content of the γ′ phase of the iron nitride is observed. When the ε phase is completely decomposed, the γ′ phase begins to decompose. The observed FMR signals did not come from isolated ions but from more magnetically complex systems, e.g., Fe–Fe pairs or iron clusters. Studies have shown that nitriding and annealing can be used to modify the magnetic properties of the tested steels.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/6/1060nitriding of AISI 1010 and 1085 steel ballsannealing in an inert atmospherephase compositionwhite layerporous zonemagnetic properties |
| spellingShingle | Sławomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek Jerzy Michalski Tadeusz Frączek Agata Dudek Hubert Fuks Grzegorz Leniec Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing Metals nitriding of AISI 1010 and 1085 steel balls annealing in an inert atmosphere phase composition white layer porous zone magnetic properties |
| title | Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing |
| title_full | Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing |
| title_short | Mechanical and Magnetic Investigations of Balls Made of AISI 1010 and AISI 1085 Steels after Nitriding and Annealing |
| title_sort | mechanical and magnetic investigations of balls made of aisi 1010 and aisi 1085 steels after nitriding and annealing |
| topic | nitriding of AISI 1010 and 1085 steel balls annealing in an inert atmosphere phase composition white layer porous zone magnetic properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/6/1060 |
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