A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion
Cognition can influence emotion by biasing neural activity in the first cortical region in which the reward value and subjective pleasantness of stimuli is made explicit in the representation, the orbitofrontal cortex. The same effect occurs in a second cortical tier for emotion, the anterior cingul...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00074/full |
| _version_ | 1811289891265314816 |
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| author | Edmund eRolls |
| author_facet | Edmund eRolls |
| author_sort | Edmund eRolls |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cognition can influence emotion by biasing neural activity in the first cortical region in which the reward value and subjective pleasantness of stimuli is made explicit in the representation, the orbitofrontal cortex. The same effect occurs in a second cortical tier for emotion, the anterior cingulate cortex. Similar effects are found for selective attention, to for example the pleasantness vs the intensity of stimuli, which modulates representations of reward value and affect in the orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. The mechanisms for the effects of cognition and attention on emotion are top-down biased competition and top-down biased activation. Affective and mood states can in turn influence memory and perception, by backprojected biasing influences. Emotion-related decision systems operate to choose between gene-specified rewards such as taste, touch, and beauty. Reasoning processes capable of planning ahead with multiple steps held in working memory in the explicit system can allow the gene-specified rewards not to be selected, or to be deferred. The stochastic, noisy, dynamics of decision-making systems in the brain may influence whether decisions are made by the selfish-gene-specified reward emotion system, or by the cognitive reasoning system that explicitly calculates reward values that are in the interests of the individual, the phenotype. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:03:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e0b40260a954d419a2ebbdf57424852 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:03:14Z |
| publishDate | 2013-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e0b40260a954d419a2ebbdf574248522022-12-22T03:03:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612013-03-01710.3389/fnhum.2013.0007444975A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotionEdmund eRolls0Oxford Centre for Computational NeuroscienceCognition can influence emotion by biasing neural activity in the first cortical region in which the reward value and subjective pleasantness of stimuli is made explicit in the representation, the orbitofrontal cortex. The same effect occurs in a second cortical tier for emotion, the anterior cingulate cortex. Similar effects are found for selective attention, to for example the pleasantness vs the intensity of stimuli, which modulates representations of reward value and affect in the orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. The mechanisms for the effects of cognition and attention on emotion are top-down biased competition and top-down biased activation. Affective and mood states can in turn influence memory and perception, by backprojected biasing influences. Emotion-related decision systems operate to choose between gene-specified rewards such as taste, touch, and beauty. Reasoning processes capable of planning ahead with multiple steps held in working memory in the explicit system can allow the gene-specified rewards not to be selected, or to be deferred. The stochastic, noisy, dynamics of decision-making systems in the brain may influence whether decisions are made by the selfish-gene-specified reward emotion system, or by the cognitive reasoning system that explicitly calculates reward values that are in the interests of the individual, the phenotype.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00074/fullAttentionCognitionTastedecision-makingemotionOlfaction |
| spellingShingle | Edmund eRolls A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Attention Cognition Taste decision-making emotion Olfaction |
| title | A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| title_full | A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| title_fullStr | A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| title_full_unstemmed | A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| title_short | A biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| title_sort | biased activation theory of the cognitive and attentional modulation of emotion |
| topic | Attention Cognition Taste decision-making emotion Olfaction |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00074/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT edmunderolls abiasedactivationtheoryofthecognitiveandattentionalmodulationofemotion AT edmunderolls biasedactivationtheoryofthecognitiveandattentionalmodulationofemotion |