Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report
Abstract Background Thoracic air leak syndrome (TALS) is a rare complication associated with chronic lung graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). In the present case, TALS was the sole pulmonary manifestation of GVHD. Case presentation A 30-year-old woman presen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-022-00163-5 |
| _version_ | 1828122389279408128 |
|---|---|
| author | Avinash Anil Nair Arshad Raja Anup Joseph Devasia Leena Robinson Vimala Richa Gupta Balamugesh Thangakunam Vikram Mathews |
| author_facet | Avinash Anil Nair Arshad Raja Anup Joseph Devasia Leena Robinson Vimala Richa Gupta Balamugesh Thangakunam Vikram Mathews |
| author_sort | Avinash Anil Nair |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Thoracic air leak syndrome (TALS) is a rare complication associated with chronic lung graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). In the present case, TALS was the sole pulmonary manifestation of GVHD. Case presentation A 30-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion and swelling of the neck and face after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. She was found to have subcutaneous emphysema, and chest imaging suggested pneumomediastinum, with normal lung parenchyma. Her clinical and radiological findings indicated TALS. There were no other features suggestive of lung GVHD. Her condition improved with conservative management and increased immunosuppression. However, she subsequently had two relapses, developed severe infection and pneumothorax, and died. Conclusions The present case report illustrates a unique presentation of TALS, a rare complication of GVHD, in a post-stem cell transplant patient. It highlights the challenges in the diagnosis and management of this condition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e297331e8ba4eab917d8d0535340ff0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1687-8426 2314-8551 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:35:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e297331e8ba4eab917d8d0535340ff02022-12-22T04:18:21ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Bronchology1687-84262314-85512022-11-011611410.1186/s43168-022-00163-5Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case reportAvinash Anil Nair0Arshad Raja1Anup Joseph Devasia2Leena Robinson Vimala3Richa Gupta4Balamugesh Thangakunam5Vikram Mathews6Department of Respiratory Medicine, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Hematology, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Hematology, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Radiology, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical CollegeDepartment of Hematology, Christian Medical CollegeAbstract Background Thoracic air leak syndrome (TALS) is a rare complication associated with chronic lung graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). In the present case, TALS was the sole pulmonary manifestation of GVHD. Case presentation A 30-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion and swelling of the neck and face after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. She was found to have subcutaneous emphysema, and chest imaging suggested pneumomediastinum, with normal lung parenchyma. Her clinical and radiological findings indicated TALS. There were no other features suggestive of lung GVHD. Her condition improved with conservative management and increased immunosuppression. However, she subsequently had two relapses, developed severe infection and pneumothorax, and died. Conclusions The present case report illustrates a unique presentation of TALS, a rare complication of GVHD, in a post-stem cell transplant patient. It highlights the challenges in the diagnosis and management of this condition.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-022-00163-5Air leakLeukemiaGraft-versus-host diseasePneumomediastinumStem cellTransplant |
| spellingShingle | Avinash Anil Nair Arshad Raja Anup Joseph Devasia Leena Robinson Vimala Richa Gupta Balamugesh Thangakunam Vikram Mathews Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology Air leak Leukemia Graft-versus-host disease Pneumomediastinum Stem cell Transplant |
| title | Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report |
| title_full | Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report |
| title_fullStr | Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report |
| title_short | Thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft-versus-host disease: a case report |
| title_sort | thoracic air leak syndrome as the sole manifestation of chronic lung graft versus host disease a case report |
| topic | Air leak Leukemia Graft-versus-host disease Pneumomediastinum Stem cell Transplant |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-022-00163-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT avinashanilnair thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT arshadraja thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT anupjosephdevasia thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT leenarobinsonvimala thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT richagupta thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT balamugeshthangakunam thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport AT vikrammathews thoracicairleaksyndromeasthesolemanifestationofchroniclunggraftversushostdiseaseacasereport |