Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments
In modern endodontics, nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments are used on a large scale for root canal shaping. Nevertheless, the separation of an instrument is a serious concern during shaping. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the torsional fracture characteristics of three type...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| author | Andreea-Simona Boscornea-Pușcu Laura Orel Oana-Alexandra Velea-Barta Razvan Mihai Horhat Meda-Lavinia Negruțiu Luminița Maria Nica Virgil-Florin Duma Dan Ioan Stoia Carmen Opriș Cosmin Sinescu |
| author_facet | Andreea-Simona Boscornea-Pușcu Laura Orel Oana-Alexandra Velea-Barta Razvan Mihai Horhat Meda-Lavinia Negruțiu Luminița Maria Nica Virgil-Florin Duma Dan Ioan Stoia Carmen Opriș Cosmin Sinescu |
| author_sort | Andreea-Simona Boscornea-Pușcu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In modern endodontics, nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments are used on a large scale for root canal shaping. Nevertheless, the separation of an instrument is a serious concern during shaping. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the torsional fracture characteristics of three types of NiTi endodontic instruments, each with different cross-section designs and movements performed during root canal shaping: Endostar E3 (Endostar, Poldent Co. Ltd., Warsaw, Poland); Reciproc R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany); and Protaper Next X2 (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Fifteen instruments are used in this study, divided in three groups (<i>n</i> = 5): Group Endostar, Group Reciproc and Group Protaper. For testing, each instrument is used to shape five simulated root canals, following which its torsional stress to failure is measured. The fracture lengths of all three groups are roughly between 2 and 3 mm from the tip. Higher values of the moment of torsion in fracture, and smaller values of the maximum twisting angle are observed for Group Endostar, as well as closer to circular cross-sections. However, the values of the shear tension are similar for all three groups, because the disadvantage given by the fracture section shape for Groups Reciproc and Protaper is compensated either by size or by intrinsic properties of the instrument material. For the shear tension the Endostar values are insignificantly increased (Kruskal–Wallis test, <i>p</i> = 0.207), and in the case of the maximum twist angle the Protaper values are insignificantly increased (Kruskal–Wallis test, <i>p</i> = 0.287). Because of the instruments shape and conicity, the analysis had to be carried out separately with regard to the length of the fractured tip. Rules-of-thumb are extracted from the study for current practice: if a blockage of the first 2 to 3 mm part of the tip can be anticipated (by the excessive curving of the instrument), the handpiece must be adjusted to torque values that do not exceed 1.5 to 2.5 N · cm for Endostar and 1 to 2 N · cm for Reciproc and Protaper instruments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:02:21Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5e2a6a18d33845a9a379250336a7c236 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:02:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e2a6a18d33845a9a379250336a7c2362023-11-22T06:38:25ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-08-011116722410.3390/app11167224Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic InstrumentsAndreea-Simona Boscornea-Pușcu0Laura Orel1Oana-Alexandra Velea-Barta2Razvan Mihai Horhat3Meda-Lavinia Negruțiu4Luminița Maria Nica5Virgil-Florin Duma6Dan Ioan Stoia7Carmen Opriș8Cosmin Sinescu9Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, RomaniaResearch Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, Romania3rd Department of Odontotherapy and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania3rd Department of Odontotherapy and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaResearch Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, Romania3rd Department of Odontotherapy and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaResearch Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, RomaniaDepartment of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, 1 Mihai Viteazu Ave., 300222 Timisoara, RomaniaDepartment of Materials and Manufacturing, “Politehnica” University of Timisoara, 1 Mihai Viteazu Ave., 300222 Timisoara, RomaniaResearch Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timișoara, RomaniaIn modern endodontics, nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments are used on a large scale for root canal shaping. Nevertheless, the separation of an instrument is a serious concern during shaping. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the torsional fracture characteristics of three types of NiTi endodontic instruments, each with different cross-section designs and movements performed during root canal shaping: Endostar E3 (Endostar, Poldent Co. Ltd., Warsaw, Poland); Reciproc R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany); and Protaper Next X2 (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Fifteen instruments are used in this study, divided in three groups (<i>n</i> = 5): Group Endostar, Group Reciproc and Group Protaper. For testing, each instrument is used to shape five simulated root canals, following which its torsional stress to failure is measured. The fracture lengths of all three groups are roughly between 2 and 3 mm from the tip. Higher values of the moment of torsion in fracture, and smaller values of the maximum twisting angle are observed for Group Endostar, as well as closer to circular cross-sections. However, the values of the shear tension are similar for all three groups, because the disadvantage given by the fracture section shape for Groups Reciproc and Protaper is compensated either by size or by intrinsic properties of the instrument material. For the shear tension the Endostar values are insignificantly increased (Kruskal–Wallis test, <i>p</i> = 0.207), and in the case of the maximum twist angle the Protaper values are insignificantly increased (Kruskal–Wallis test, <i>p</i> = 0.287). Because of the instruments shape and conicity, the analysis had to be carried out separately with regard to the length of the fractured tip. Rules-of-thumb are extracted from the study for current practice: if a blockage of the first 2 to 3 mm part of the tip can be anticipated (by the excessive curving of the instrument), the handpiece must be adjusted to torque values that do not exceed 1.5 to 2.5 N · cm for Endostar and 1 to 2 N · cm for Reciproc and Protaper instruments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7224nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrumentsendodontic instrumentstorsional fracturecleaning and shapingsimulated root canalsinstrument separation |
| spellingShingle | Andreea-Simona Boscornea-Pușcu Laura Orel Oana-Alexandra Velea-Barta Razvan Mihai Horhat Meda-Lavinia Negruțiu Luminița Maria Nica Virgil-Florin Duma Dan Ioan Stoia Carmen Opriș Cosmin Sinescu Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments Applied Sciences nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments endodontic instruments torsional fracture cleaning and shaping simulated root canals instrument separation |
| title | Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
| title_full | Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
| title_short | Experimental Study of the Effects of Torsional Loading on Three Types of Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Instruments |
| title_sort | experimental study of the effects of torsional loading on three types of nickel titanium endodontic instruments |
| topic | nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments endodontic instruments torsional fracture cleaning and shaping simulated root canals instrument separation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7224 |
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