High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes play a key role in a number of biological processes, most notably in immunological responses. The MHCI and MHCII genes incorporate a complex set of highly polymorphic and polygenic series of genes, which, due to the technical limitations of previously...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Genes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1422 |
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| author | Deepali Vasoya Thomas Tzelos Lindert Benedictus Anna Eleonora Karagianni Scott Pirie Celia Marr Charlotta Oddsdóttir Constanze Fintl Timothy Connelley |
| author_facet | Deepali Vasoya Thomas Tzelos Lindert Benedictus Anna Eleonora Karagianni Scott Pirie Celia Marr Charlotta Oddsdóttir Constanze Fintl Timothy Connelley |
| author_sort | Deepali Vasoya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes play a key role in a number of biological processes, most notably in immunological responses. The MHCI and MHCII genes incorporate a complex set of highly polymorphic and polygenic series of genes, which, due to the technical limitations of previously available technologies, have only been partially characterized in non-model but economically important species such as the horse. The advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms has provided new opportunities to develop methods to generate high-resolution sequencing data on a large scale and apply them to the analysis of complex gene sets such as the MHC. In this study, we developed and applied a MiSeq-based approach for the combined analysis of the expressed MHCI and MHCII repertoires in cohorts of Thoroughbred, Icelandic, and Norwegian Fjord Horses. The approach enabled us to generate comprehensive MHCI/II data for all of the individuals (<i>n</i> = 168) included in the study, identifying 152 and 117 novel MHCI and MHCII sequences, respectively. There was limited overlap in MHCI and MHCII haplotypes between the Thoroughbred and the Icelandic/Norwegian Fjord horses, showcasing the variation in MHC repertoire between genetically divergent breeds, and it can be inferred that there is much more MHC diversity in the global horse population. This study provided novel insights into the structure of the expressed equine MHC repertoire and highlighted unique features of the MHC in horses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e6ba40693f8448690d326a44a99e190 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:02:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e6ba40693f8448690d326a44a99e1902023-11-18T19:30:13ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252023-07-01147142210.3390/genes14071422High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC StructureDeepali Vasoya0Thomas Tzelos1Lindert Benedictus2Anna Eleonora Karagianni3Scott Pirie4Celia Marr5Charlotta Oddsdóttir6Constanze Fintl7Timothy Connelley8The Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UKThe Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UKFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The NetherlandsThe Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UKRoyal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UKRossdales Equine Hospital, Cotton End Road, Exning, Newmarket CD8 7NN, UKThe Institute for Experimental Pathology at Keldur, University of Iceland Keldnavegur 3, 112 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, NorwayThe Roslin Institute, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin EH25 9RG, UKThe Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes play a key role in a number of biological processes, most notably in immunological responses. The MHCI and MHCII genes incorporate a complex set of highly polymorphic and polygenic series of genes, which, due to the technical limitations of previously available technologies, have only been partially characterized in non-model but economically important species such as the horse. The advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms has provided new opportunities to develop methods to generate high-resolution sequencing data on a large scale and apply them to the analysis of complex gene sets such as the MHC. In this study, we developed and applied a MiSeq-based approach for the combined analysis of the expressed MHCI and MHCII repertoires in cohorts of Thoroughbred, Icelandic, and Norwegian Fjord Horses. The approach enabled us to generate comprehensive MHCI/II data for all of the individuals (<i>n</i> = 168) included in the study, identifying 152 and 117 novel MHCI and MHCII sequences, respectively. There was limited overlap in MHCI and MHCII haplotypes between the Thoroughbred and the Icelandic/Norwegian Fjord horses, showcasing the variation in MHC repertoire between genetically divergent breeds, and it can be inferred that there is much more MHC diversity in the global horse population. This study provided novel insights into the structure of the expressed equine MHC repertoire and highlighted unique features of the MHC in horses.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1422equineMajor Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)breed diversitypolymorphismhigh-throughput sequencing |
| spellingShingle | Deepali Vasoya Thomas Tzelos Lindert Benedictus Anna Eleonora Karagianni Scott Pirie Celia Marr Charlotta Oddsdóttir Constanze Fintl Timothy Connelley High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure Genes equine Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) breed diversity polymorphism high-throughput sequencing |
| title | High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure |
| title_full | High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure |
| title_fullStr | High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure |
| title_short | High-Resolution Genotyping of Expressed Equine MHC Reveals a Highly Complex MHC Structure |
| title_sort | high resolution genotyping of expressed equine mhc reveals a highly complex mhc structure |
| topic | equine Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) breed diversity polymorphism high-throughput sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/14/7/1422 |
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