Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract characterized by recurrent breathing problems resulting from airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness. Human airway epithelium plays an important role in the initiation and control of the immune responses to different types of envir...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01747/full |
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| author | Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Sarah Miethe Sarah Miethe Elke Pogge von Strandmann Daniel P. Potaczek Daniel P. Potaczek Holger Garn Holger Garn |
| author_facet | Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Sarah Miethe Sarah Miethe Elke Pogge von Strandmann Daniel P. Potaczek Daniel P. Potaczek Holger Garn Holger Garn |
| author_sort | Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract characterized by recurrent breathing problems resulting from airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness. Human airway epithelium plays an important role in the initiation and control of the immune responses to different types of environmental factors contributing to asthma pathogenesis. Using pattern recognition receptors airway epithelium senses external stimuli, such as allergens, microbes, or pollutants, and subsequently secretes endogenous danger signaling molecules alarming and activating dendritic cells. Hence, airway epithelial cells not only mediate innate immune responses but also bridge them with adaptive immune responses involving T and B cells that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The effects of environmental factors on the development of asthma are mediated, at least in part, by epigenetic mechanisms. Those comprise classical epigenetics including DNA methylation and histone modifications affecting transcription, as well as microRNAs influencing translation. The common feature of such mechanisms is that they regulate gene expression without affecting the nucleotide sequence of the genomic DNA. Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in the regulation of different cell populations involved in asthma pathogenesis, with the remarkable example of T cells. Recently, however, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms are also crucial for the regulation of airway epithelial cells, especially in the context of epigenetic transfer of environmental effects contributing to asthma pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the accumulating evidence for this very important aspect of airway epithelial cell pathobiology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:02:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e6f3bf05cc04f378ef504e0b47e11be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-24T00:02:33Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e6f3bf05cc04f378ef504e0b47e11be2022-12-21T17:25:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-08-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.01747538445Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in AsthmaBilal Alashkar Alhamwe0Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe1Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe2Sarah Miethe3Sarah Miethe4Elke Pogge von Strandmann5Daniel P. Potaczek6Daniel P. Potaczek7Holger Garn8Holger Garn9Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, GermanyCollege of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa, SyriaCenter for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Institute of Tumor Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, GermanyInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, GermanyTranslational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, GermanyCenter for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Institute of Tumor Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, GermanyInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, GermanyJohn Paul II Hospital, Kraków, PolandInstitute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps-University Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Marburg, GermanyTranslational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, GermanyAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract characterized by recurrent breathing problems resulting from airway obstruction and hyperresponsiveness. Human airway epithelium plays an important role in the initiation and control of the immune responses to different types of environmental factors contributing to asthma pathogenesis. Using pattern recognition receptors airway epithelium senses external stimuli, such as allergens, microbes, or pollutants, and subsequently secretes endogenous danger signaling molecules alarming and activating dendritic cells. Hence, airway epithelial cells not only mediate innate immune responses but also bridge them with adaptive immune responses involving T and B cells that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The effects of environmental factors on the development of asthma are mediated, at least in part, by epigenetic mechanisms. Those comprise classical epigenetics including DNA methylation and histone modifications affecting transcription, as well as microRNAs influencing translation. The common feature of such mechanisms is that they regulate gene expression without affecting the nucleotide sequence of the genomic DNA. Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in the regulation of different cell populations involved in asthma pathogenesis, with the remarkable example of T cells. Recently, however, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms are also crucial for the regulation of airway epithelial cells, especially in the context of epigenetic transfer of environmental effects contributing to asthma pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the accumulating evidence for this very important aspect of airway epithelial cell pathobiology.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01747/fullairwayallergyasthmaepigeneticepitheliumhistone |
| spellingShingle | Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe Sarah Miethe Sarah Miethe Elke Pogge von Strandmann Daniel P. Potaczek Daniel P. Potaczek Holger Garn Holger Garn Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma Frontiers in Immunology airway allergy asthma epigenetic epithelium histone |
| title | Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma |
| title_full | Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma |
| title_short | Epigenetic Regulation of Airway Epithelium Immune Functions in Asthma |
| title_sort | epigenetic regulation of airway epithelium immune functions in asthma |
| topic | airway allergy asthma epigenetic epithelium histone |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01747/full |
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