Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography
The reliable monitoring of heart rate during intense exercise is imperative to effectively manage training loads while providing insights from a healthcare perspective. However, current technologies perform poorly in contact sports settings. This study aims to evaluate the best approach for heart ra...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/533 |
| _version_ | 1797600846247100416 |
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| author | Leonardo de Almeida e Bueno Victoria C. Walls Jeroen H. M. Bergmann |
| author_facet | Leonardo de Almeida e Bueno Victoria C. Walls Jeroen H. M. Bergmann |
| author_sort | Leonardo de Almeida e Bueno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The reliable monitoring of heart rate during intense exercise is imperative to effectively manage training loads while providing insights from a healthcare perspective. However, current technologies perform poorly in contact sports settings. This study aims to evaluate the best approach for heart rate tracking using photoplethysmography sensors embedded into an instrumented mouthguard (iMG). Seven adults wore iMGs and a reference heart rate monitor. Several sensor placements, light sources and signal intensities were explored for the iMG. A novel metric related to the positioning of the sensor in the gum was introduced. The error between the iMG heart rate and the reference data was assessed to obtain insights into the effect of specific iMG configurations on measurement errors. Signal intensity was found to be the most important variable for error prediction, followed by the sensor light source, sensor placement and positioning. A generalized linear model combining an infrared light source, at an intensity of 5.08 mA, and a frontal placement high in the gum area resulted in a heart rate minimum error of 16.33%. This research shows promising preliminary results for the use of oral-based heart rate monitoring, but highlights the need for the careful consideration of sensor configurations within these systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:53:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e7da96d6e2e4b25aaba4a7be0581e71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:53:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e7da96d6e2e4b25aaba4a7be0581e712023-11-18T00:41:03ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742023-05-0113553310.3390/bios13050533Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using PhotoplethysmographyLeonardo de Almeida e Bueno0Victoria C. Walls1Jeroen H. M. Bergmann2Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UKTCC-CASEMIX, Kestrel Lodge Upper Hexgreave, Farnsfield, Newark NG22 8LS, UKDepartment of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UKThe reliable monitoring of heart rate during intense exercise is imperative to effectively manage training loads while providing insights from a healthcare perspective. However, current technologies perform poorly in contact sports settings. This study aims to evaluate the best approach for heart rate tracking using photoplethysmography sensors embedded into an instrumented mouthguard (iMG). Seven adults wore iMGs and a reference heart rate monitor. Several sensor placements, light sources and signal intensities were explored for the iMG. A novel metric related to the positioning of the sensor in the gum was introduced. The error between the iMG heart rate and the reference data was assessed to obtain insights into the effect of specific iMG configurations on measurement errors. Signal intensity was found to be the most important variable for error prediction, followed by the sensor light source, sensor placement and positioning. A generalized linear model combining an infrared light source, at an intensity of 5.08 mA, and a frontal placement high in the gum area resulted in a heart rate minimum error of 16.33%. This research shows promising preliminary results for the use of oral-based heart rate monitoring, but highlights the need for the careful consideration of sensor configurations within these systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/533athlete performancephysiological assessmentbiosensorsin-body wearablesphysiological measurementsensor design |
| spellingShingle | Leonardo de Almeida e Bueno Victoria C. Walls Jeroen H. M. Bergmann Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography Biosensors athlete performance physiological assessment biosensors in-body wearables physiological measurement sensor design |
| title | Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
| title_full | Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
| title_short | Evaluating the Potential of an Oral-Based Bioguard to Estimate Heart Rate Using Photoplethysmography |
| title_sort | evaluating the potential of an oral based bioguard to estimate heart rate using photoplethysmography |
| topic | athlete performance physiological assessment biosensors in-body wearables physiological measurement sensor design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/5/533 |
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