Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation
Debate exists as to the effects of anxiety in performance-based studies. However, no studies have examined the influence of motivation both in preparation of a motor movement and during movement performance. The present study measured beta activation in preparation for and during execution of the ef...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/11/1442 |
| _version_ | 1827677090819866624 |
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| author | Ricardo A. Wilhelm A. Hunter Threadgill Philip A. Gable |
| author_facet | Ricardo A. Wilhelm A. Hunter Threadgill Philip A. Gable |
| author_sort | Ricardo A. Wilhelm |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Debate exists as to the effects of anxiety in performance-based studies. However, no studies have examined the influence of motivation both in preparation of a motor movement and during movement performance. The present study measured beta activation in preparation for and during execution of the effort expenditure for rewards task (EEfRT), a button-pressing task consisting of easy and hard trials. Results indicated that motor preparation (i.e., reduced beta activation) was greater in preparation for hard trials than for easy trials. Additionally, motor preparation decreased (i.e., beta activation increased) over the course of hard trial execution. These results suggest that motor preparation is enhanced prior to more challenging tasks but that motor preparation declines as participants become closer to completing their goal in each challenging trial. These results provide insight into how beta activation facilitates effort expenditure for motor tasks varying in difficulty and motivation. The impact of these results on models of anxiety and performance is discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:39:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e7f3b6695da4a849aee27a62c024b25 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:39:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e7f3b6695da4a849aee27a62c024b252023-11-22T22:37:44ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252021-10-011111144210.3390/brainsci11111442Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of MotivationRicardo A. Wilhelm0A. Hunter Threadgill1Philip A. Gable2Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USADepartments of Biomedical Sciences and Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USADepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USADebate exists as to the effects of anxiety in performance-based studies. However, no studies have examined the influence of motivation both in preparation of a motor movement and during movement performance. The present study measured beta activation in preparation for and during execution of the effort expenditure for rewards task (EEfRT), a button-pressing task consisting of easy and hard trials. Results indicated that motor preparation (i.e., reduced beta activation) was greater in preparation for hard trials than for easy trials. Additionally, motor preparation decreased (i.e., beta activation increased) over the course of hard trial execution. These results suggest that motor preparation is enhanced prior to more challenging tasks but that motor preparation declines as participants become closer to completing their goal in each challenging trial. These results provide insight into how beta activation facilitates effort expenditure for motor tasks varying in difficulty and motivation. The impact of these results on models of anxiety and performance is discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/11/1442beta activationmotor preparationmotivation |
| spellingShingle | Ricardo A. Wilhelm A. Hunter Threadgill Philip A. Gable Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation Brain Sciences beta activation motor preparation motivation |
| title | Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation |
| title_full | Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation |
| title_fullStr | Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation |
| title_short | Motor Preparation and Execution for Performance Difficulty: Centroparietal Beta Activation during the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task as a Function of Motivation |
| title_sort | motor preparation and execution for performance difficulty centroparietal beta activation during the effort expenditure for rewards task as a function of motivation |
| topic | beta activation motor preparation motivation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/11/11/1442 |
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