Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition
Abstract Background Inhibitory control, a key modulatory component of cognition guiding strategy and behaviour, can be affected by diverse contingencies. We explore here the effect of expectation of reward over behavioural adjustment in a Stop Signal Task modulated by reward. We hypothesize that cog...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-019-0332-x |
| _version_ | 1819092512871022592 |
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| author | Paula M. Herrera Alberto Vélez Van Meerbeke Mario Speranza Claudia López Cabra Mauricio Bonilla Michaël Canu Tristan A. Bekinschtein |
| author_facet | Paula M. Herrera Alberto Vélez Van Meerbeke Mario Speranza Claudia López Cabra Mauricio Bonilla Michaël Canu Tristan A. Bekinschtein |
| author_sort | Paula M. Herrera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Inhibitory control, a key modulatory component of cognition guiding strategy and behaviour, can be affected by diverse contingencies. We explore here the effect of expectation of reward over behavioural adjustment in a Stop Signal Task modulated by reward. We hypothesize that cognitive control is modulated by different expectation of the reward. Methods Participants were allocated to two groups differing in their degree of knowledge in what to expect from rewards. Expected Specific Reward participants (N = 21) were informed of the different monetary feedbacks they would receive after each successful inhibition. Unexpected Reward participants (N = 24) were only told that they would receive monetary reward after correct inhibitory trials, but not the amounts or differences. Results Our results confirmed previous observations demonstrating a “kick-start effect” where a high reward feedback at the beginning of the task increases response inhibition. The Expected Specific Reward condition seems also to improve inhibitory control -as measured by the stop signal reaction time (SSRT)-, compared to the Unexpected Reward group. Conclusions Knowledge of reward magnitudes seems to play a role in cognitive control irrespective of feedback magnitude. The manipulation of reward expectation appears to trigger different strategies for cognitive control, inducing a bottom-up effect of external cues, or a top-down effect given by the anticipation of incoming rewards. This is an early exploration to unearth possible higher order modulators - expectation and motivation- of cognitive control. This approach aims to gain insight into diverse psychopathological conditions related to impulsivity and altered reward systems such as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), personality disorders, substance abuse, pathological gambling and cognitive aspects of Parkinson Disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:56:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e806901db6847acacf0871418ae95ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-7283 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T22:56:48Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e806901db6847acacf0871418ae95ba2022-12-21T18:47:25ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832019-08-017111010.1186/s40359-019-0332-xExpectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibitionPaula M. Herrera0Alberto Vélez Van Meerbeke1Mario Speranza2Claudia López Cabra3Mauricio Bonilla4Michaël Canu5Tristan A. Bekinschtein6Grupo de Investigacion ‘Psiquiatria, Neurociencia y Comunidad’, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Tecnológica de PereiraGrupo de investigación en neurociencias (NeURos), Universidad del RosarioConsciousness and Cognition Lab, Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeGrupo de investigación en neurociencias (NeURos), Universidad del RosarioLaboratorio de Psicología Experimental, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del BosqueDepartamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad de Los AndesConsciousness and Cognition Lab, Department of Psychology, University of CambridgeAbstract Background Inhibitory control, a key modulatory component of cognition guiding strategy and behaviour, can be affected by diverse contingencies. We explore here the effect of expectation of reward over behavioural adjustment in a Stop Signal Task modulated by reward. We hypothesize that cognitive control is modulated by different expectation of the reward. Methods Participants were allocated to two groups differing in their degree of knowledge in what to expect from rewards. Expected Specific Reward participants (N = 21) were informed of the different monetary feedbacks they would receive after each successful inhibition. Unexpected Reward participants (N = 24) were only told that they would receive monetary reward after correct inhibitory trials, but not the amounts or differences. Results Our results confirmed previous observations demonstrating a “kick-start effect” where a high reward feedback at the beginning of the task increases response inhibition. The Expected Specific Reward condition seems also to improve inhibitory control -as measured by the stop signal reaction time (SSRT)-, compared to the Unexpected Reward group. Conclusions Knowledge of reward magnitudes seems to play a role in cognitive control irrespective of feedback magnitude. The manipulation of reward expectation appears to trigger different strategies for cognitive control, inducing a bottom-up effect of external cues, or a top-down effect given by the anticipation of incoming rewards. This is an early exploration to unearth possible higher order modulators - expectation and motivation- of cognitive control. This approach aims to gain insight into diverse psychopathological conditions related to impulsivity and altered reward systems such as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD), personality disorders, substance abuse, pathological gambling and cognitive aspects of Parkinson Disease.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-019-0332-xInhibitionExecutive controlExpectationRewardStop signal task |
| spellingShingle | Paula M. Herrera Alberto Vélez Van Meerbeke Mario Speranza Claudia López Cabra Mauricio Bonilla Michaël Canu Tristan A. Bekinschtein Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition BMC Psychology Inhibition Executive control Expectation Reward Stop signal task |
| title | Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| title_full | Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| title_fullStr | Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| title_short | Expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| title_sort | expectation of reward differentially modulates executive inhibition |
| topic | Inhibition Executive control Expectation Reward Stop signal task |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40359-019-0332-x |
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