Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens
Increase in antimicrobial resistance coupled with successful treatment of various diseases with herbal medications has triggered the upsurge in research geared towards harnessing the medicinal potentials of various plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Bryop...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Joint Coordination Centre of the World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Programme (NARP)
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jasem/article/view/196080 |
| _version_ | 1797228095094128640 |
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| author | I.S. Obuekwe E.P. Okoyomo U.S. Anka |
| author_facet | I.S. Obuekwe E.P. Okoyomo U.S. Anka |
| author_sort | I.S. Obuekwe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Increase in antimicrobial resistance coupled with successful treatment of various diseases with herbal medications has triggered the upsurge in research geared towards harnessing the medicinal potentials of various plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum, Jatropha curcas and Ficus exasperata and their combined antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Plant leaves were air–dried, extracted with ethyl-acetate and water with subsequent qualitative analyses for phytochemical compounds. Bacterial pathogens were obtained from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), confirmed, and their zones of inhibition studied at 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 mg/ml of extract combinations. The presence of phenols, tannins and saponins were confirmed in all extracts while alkaloids were present in all ethyl acetate extracts and terpenoids in all aqueous extracts. Different zones of inhibition were measured with the different extract combinations with E. coli having its highest zone of inhibition with the combination of Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum in 30 mg/ml (27.25 ± 1.70 mm). However, the highest zone of inhibition observed in the study was with S. aureus in 10 mg/ml concentration of ethyl acetate plant extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Ficus exasperata (31.75 ± 3.07 mm). The Gram positive cell wall of S. aureus is less complex and therefore, more susceptible to bio-agents. Antibacterial activities of these extracts are attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites that make them good bio-agents for production of antibacterial drugs.
Keywords: Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:51:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e8ee74d85f24a418b33072b835c0a7e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2659-1502 2659-1499 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:51:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Joint Coordination Centre of the World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Programme (NARP) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e8ee74d85f24a418b33072b835c0a7e2024-04-02T19:49:29ZengJoint Coordination Centre of the World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Programme (NARP)Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management2659-15022659-14992020-05-0124410.4314/jasem.v24i4.13Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial PathogensI.S. ObuekweE.P. OkoyomoU.S. Anka Increase in antimicrobial resistance coupled with successful treatment of various diseases with herbal medications has triggered the upsurge in research geared towards harnessing the medicinal potentials of various plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Bryophyllum pinnatum, Ocimum gratissimum, Jatropha curcas and Ficus exasperata and their combined antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Plant leaves were air–dried, extracted with ethyl-acetate and water with subsequent qualitative analyses for phytochemical compounds. Bacterial pathogens were obtained from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), confirmed, and their zones of inhibition studied at 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 mg/ml of extract combinations. The presence of phenols, tannins and saponins were confirmed in all extracts while alkaloids were present in all ethyl acetate extracts and terpenoids in all aqueous extracts. Different zones of inhibition were measured with the different extract combinations with E. coli having its highest zone of inhibition with the combination of Bryophyllum pinnatum and Ocimum gratissimum in 30 mg/ml (27.25 ± 1.70 mm). However, the highest zone of inhibition observed in the study was with S. aureus in 10 mg/ml concentration of ethyl acetate plant extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Ficus exasperata (31.75 ± 3.07 mm). The Gram positive cell wall of S. aureus is less complex and therefore, more susceptible to bio-agents. Antibacterial activities of these extracts are attributed to the presence of secondary metabolites that make them good bio-agents for production of antibacterial drugs. Keywords: Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jasem/article/view/196080Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus |
| spellingShingle | I.S. Obuekwe E.P. Okoyomo U.S. Anka Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus |
| title | Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens |
| title_full | Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens |
| title_short | Effect of Plant Extract Combinations on Some Bacterial Pathogens |
| title_sort | effect of plant extract combinations on some bacterial pathogens |
| topic | Plant extracts, Inhibition zones, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus |
| url | https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jasem/article/view/196080 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT isobuekwe effectofplantextractcombinationsonsomebacterialpathogens AT epokoyomo effectofplantextractcombinationsonsomebacterialpathogens AT usanka effectofplantextractcombinationsonsomebacterialpathogens |