The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass
<i>Poa pratensis</i> is widely distributed in cold temperate regions and can be used as a species for stress restoration and as a forage for livestock. Studying the genetic characteristics of tillering occurrence in bluegrass provides a theoretical basis for studying plant yield formatio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2899 |
| _version_ | 1827575966236409856 |
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| author | Xue Ha Jinqing Zhang Fenqi Chen Yajun Li Huiling Ma |
| author_facet | Xue Ha Jinqing Zhang Fenqi Chen Yajun Li Huiling Ma |
| author_sort | Xue Ha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Poa pratensis</i> is widely distributed in cold temperate regions and can be used as a species for stress restoration and as a forage for livestock. Studying the genetic characteristics of tillering occurrence in bluegrass provides a theoretical basis for studying plant yield formation, environmental adaptation, and improving survival competitiveness. The regulating effects of endogenous hormone IAA content and the expression of related genes <i>ARF1</i>, <i>ARF12</i>, <i>ARF14</i>, ZT content and the expression of related genes <i>CKX2</i>, <i>CKX3</i>, <i>CKX4</i>, SL content and the expression of related genes <i>D14-like</i>, <i>D14.1-like</i> and <i>D14</i> in wild Kentucky bluegrass were investigated. Kentucky bluegrass from Sunan and Qingshui was used to evaluate the influence of hormone and gene expression on tillering behavior. Endogenous hormone contents and expression levels of related genes in stems and roots of both materials were measured at prophase, peak, and anaphase of tillering. The results showed that among the three materials, the Sunan material had a better tillering ability for Poa pratensis, while the Qingshui material had poorer tillering ability. The downregulation of CKX2, CKX3, and CKX4 gene expression levels promotes the synthesis of ZT, thereby improving the tillering ability of the germplasm. Upregulation of ARF14, D14, and D14.1-like gene expression levels enhances the synthesis of IAA and SL, thereby inhibiting tillering. More importantly, the interaction between hormones affects the tillering ability of bluegrass, and high levels of ZT/IAA, ZT/SL, and ZT/(IAA+SL) values promote tillering. In summary, this study reveals the mechanism by which hormones regulate the occurrence of tillering in Kentucky bluegrass, providing a theoretical basis for understanding the genetic characteristics of plant type, effectively regulating tillering, studying yield development, environmental adaptation, and improving survival rate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:04:25Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:04:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e96b1a0c34a46ed8654b153c88b639a2023-12-22T13:46:16ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-11-011312289910.3390/agronomy13122899The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky BluegrassXue Ha0Jinqing Zhang1Fenqi Chen2Yajun Li3Huiling Ma4Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaKey Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China<i>Poa pratensis</i> is widely distributed in cold temperate regions and can be used as a species for stress restoration and as a forage for livestock. Studying the genetic characteristics of tillering occurrence in bluegrass provides a theoretical basis for studying plant yield formation, environmental adaptation, and improving survival competitiveness. The regulating effects of endogenous hormone IAA content and the expression of related genes <i>ARF1</i>, <i>ARF12</i>, <i>ARF14</i>, ZT content and the expression of related genes <i>CKX2</i>, <i>CKX3</i>, <i>CKX4</i>, SL content and the expression of related genes <i>D14-like</i>, <i>D14.1-like</i> and <i>D14</i> in wild Kentucky bluegrass were investigated. Kentucky bluegrass from Sunan and Qingshui was used to evaluate the influence of hormone and gene expression on tillering behavior. Endogenous hormone contents and expression levels of related genes in stems and roots of both materials were measured at prophase, peak, and anaphase of tillering. The results showed that among the three materials, the Sunan material had a better tillering ability for Poa pratensis, while the Qingshui material had poorer tillering ability. The downregulation of CKX2, CKX3, and CKX4 gene expression levels promotes the synthesis of ZT, thereby improving the tillering ability of the germplasm. Upregulation of ARF14, D14, and D14.1-like gene expression levels enhances the synthesis of IAA and SL, thereby inhibiting tillering. More importantly, the interaction between hormones affects the tillering ability of bluegrass, and high levels of ZT/IAA, ZT/SL, and ZT/(IAA+SL) values promote tillering. In summary, this study reveals the mechanism by which hormones regulate the occurrence of tillering in Kentucky bluegrass, providing a theoretical basis for understanding the genetic characteristics of plant type, effectively regulating tillering, studying yield development, environmental adaptation, and improving survival rate.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2899wild Kentucky bluegrasstilleringauxincytokininstrigolactone |
| spellingShingle | Xue Ha Jinqing Zhang Fenqi Chen Yajun Li Huiling Ma The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass Agronomy wild Kentucky bluegrass tillering auxin cytokinin strigolactone |
| title | The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass |
| title_full | The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass |
| title_short | The Relationship between Endogenous Hormone Content and Related Gene Expression and Tillering in Wild Kentucky Bluegrass |
| title_sort | relationship between endogenous hormone content and related gene expression and tillering in wild kentucky bluegrass |
| topic | wild Kentucky bluegrass tillering auxin cytokinin strigolactone |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/12/2899 |
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