Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Abstract Background The long-term effects of a Cesarean section (CS) birth on child neurodevelopment are of increasing interest. In this study, we examined the associations between mode of delivery and presence of neurodevelopmental disorders in toddlers. Moreover, given that the prevalence of sever...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04128-5 |
| _version_ | 1797795513773326336 |
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| author | Taketoshi Yoshida Kenta Matsumura Takehiro Hatakeyama Hidekuni Inadera The Japan Environment, Children’s Study Group |
| author_facet | Taketoshi Yoshida Kenta Matsumura Takehiro Hatakeyama Hidekuni Inadera The Japan Environment, Children’s Study Group |
| author_sort | Taketoshi Yoshida |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The long-term effects of a Cesarean section (CS) birth on child neurodevelopment are of increasing interest. In this study, we examined the associations between mode of delivery and presence of neurodevelopmental disorders in toddlers. Moreover, given that the prevalence of several neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known to differ by sex, we also investigated these associations separately in male and female toddlers. Methods We investigated 65,701 mother–toddler pairs from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationally representative children’s cohort study. To investigate the associations between mode of delivery (CS or vaginal delivery) and neurodevelopmental disorders (motor delay, intellectual disability, and ASD) in 3-year-old toddlers as a whole and stratified by sex, we used logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The morbidity of ASD at age 3 years was higher for children delivered by CS than those delivered vaginally (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.83). However, no such difference was evident in the case of motor delay or intellectual disability (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 0.94–1.89; aOR 1.18, 95% CI 0.94–1.49, respectively). In the analysis by sex, CS was not associated with increased risk of any of the neurodevelopmental disorders in males, but it was associated with increased risks of motor delay (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.02–3.47) and ASD (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.04–3.16) in females. Conclusions This study provides evidence of significant associations between mode of delivery and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood. Females may be more sensitive to the effects of CS than males. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:19:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5e98999a805844f1b153db32e91a9910 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:19:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5e98999a805844f1b153db32e91a99102023-06-25T11:27:45ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312023-06-012311910.1186/s12887-023-04128-5Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s StudyTaketoshi Yoshida0Kenta Matsumura1Takehiro Hatakeyama2Hidekuni Inadera3The Japan Environment, Children’s Study Group4Division of Neonatology, Maternal and Perinatal Center, Toyama University HospitalDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of ToyamaToyama Regional Center for JECS, University of ToyamaDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of ToyamaGraduate School of Medical Sciences Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City UniversityAbstract Background The long-term effects of a Cesarean section (CS) birth on child neurodevelopment are of increasing interest. In this study, we examined the associations between mode of delivery and presence of neurodevelopmental disorders in toddlers. Moreover, given that the prevalence of several neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is known to differ by sex, we also investigated these associations separately in male and female toddlers. Methods We investigated 65,701 mother–toddler pairs from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationally representative children’s cohort study. To investigate the associations between mode of delivery (CS or vaginal delivery) and neurodevelopmental disorders (motor delay, intellectual disability, and ASD) in 3-year-old toddlers as a whole and stratified by sex, we used logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The morbidity of ASD at age 3 years was higher for children delivered by CS than those delivered vaginally (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.83). However, no such difference was evident in the case of motor delay or intellectual disability (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 0.94–1.89; aOR 1.18, 95% CI 0.94–1.49, respectively). In the analysis by sex, CS was not associated with increased risk of any of the neurodevelopmental disorders in males, but it was associated with increased risks of motor delay (aOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.02–3.47) and ASD (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.04–3.16) in females. Conclusions This study provides evidence of significant associations between mode of delivery and neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood. Females may be more sensitive to the effects of CS than males.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04128-5Mode of deliveryAutism spectrum disorderMotor delayIntellectual disabilitySex difference |
| spellingShingle | Taketoshi Yoshida Kenta Matsumura Takehiro Hatakeyama Hidekuni Inadera The Japan Environment, Children’s Study Group Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study BMC Pediatrics Mode of delivery Autism spectrum disorder Motor delay Intellectual disability Sex difference |
| title | Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study |
| title_full | Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study |
| title_fullStr | Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study |
| title_short | Association between Cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a Japanese birth cohort: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study |
| title_sort | association between cesarean section and neurodevelopmental disorders in a japanese birth cohort the japan environment and children s study |
| topic | Mode of delivery Autism spectrum disorder Motor delay Intellectual disability Sex difference |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04128-5 |
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