Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to establish a consistent method for brachial artery reactivity assessment, we analyzed commonly used approaches to the test and their effects on the magnitude and time-course of flow mediated dilation (FMD), and on test var...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2007-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/7/11 |
| _version_ | 1811271291091550208 |
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| author | Paun Marla Aulet Mary R Sands Fiona N Trenga Carol A Sullivan Jeffrey H Leotta Daniel F Peretz Alon Gill Edward A Kaufman Joel D |
| author_facet | Paun Marla Aulet Mary R Sands Fiona N Trenga Carol A Sullivan Jeffrey H Leotta Daniel F Peretz Alon Gill Edward A Kaufman Joel D |
| author_sort | Paun Marla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to establish a consistent method for brachial artery reactivity assessment, we analyzed commonly used approaches to the test and their effects on the magnitude and time-course of flow mediated dilation (FMD), and on test variability and repeatability. As a popular and noninvasive assessment of endothelial function, several different approaches have been employed to measure brachial artery reactivity with B-mode ultrasound. Despite some efforts, there remains a lack of defined normal values and large variability in measurement technique.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty-six healthy volunteers underwent repeated brachial artery diameter measurements by B-mode ultrasound. Following baseline diameter recordings we assessed endothelium-dependent flow mediated dilation by inflating a blood pressure cuff either on the upper arm (proximal) or on the forearm (distal).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty-seven measures were performed using proximal occlusion and 25 with distal occlusion. Following proximal occlusion relative to distal occlusion, FMD was larger (16.2 ± 1.2% vs. 7.3 ± 0.9%, p < 0.0001) and elongated (107.2 s vs. 67.8 s, <it>p </it>= <it>0.0001</it>). Measurement of the test repeatability showed that differences between the repeated measures were greater on average when the measurements were done using the proximal method as compared to the distal method (2.4%; 95% CI 0.5–4.3; <it>p </it>= <it>0.013</it>).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These findings suggest that forearm compression holds statistical advantages over upper arm compression. Added to documented physiological and practical reasons, we propose that future studies should use forearm compression in the assessment of endothelial function.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:18:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5eb775c502f44a5ba9a9889b717e6194 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2261 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T22:18:28Z |
| publishDate | 2007-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-5eb775c502f44a5ba9a9889b717e61942022-12-22T03:14:27ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612007-03-01711110.1186/1471-2261-7-11Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardizationPaun MarlaAulet Mary RSands Fiona NTrenga Carol ASullivan Jeffrey HLeotta Daniel FPeretz AlonGill Edward AKaufman Joel D<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to establish a consistent method for brachial artery reactivity assessment, we analyzed commonly used approaches to the test and their effects on the magnitude and time-course of flow mediated dilation (FMD), and on test variability and repeatability. As a popular and noninvasive assessment of endothelial function, several different approaches have been employed to measure brachial artery reactivity with B-mode ultrasound. Despite some efforts, there remains a lack of defined normal values and large variability in measurement technique.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Twenty-six healthy volunteers underwent repeated brachial artery diameter measurements by B-mode ultrasound. Following baseline diameter recordings we assessed endothelium-dependent flow mediated dilation by inflating a blood pressure cuff either on the upper arm (proximal) or on the forearm (distal).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty-seven measures were performed using proximal occlusion and 25 with distal occlusion. Following proximal occlusion relative to distal occlusion, FMD was larger (16.2 ± 1.2% vs. 7.3 ± 0.9%, p < 0.0001) and elongated (107.2 s vs. 67.8 s, <it>p </it>= <it>0.0001</it>). Measurement of the test repeatability showed that differences between the repeated measures were greater on average when the measurements were done using the proximal method as compared to the distal method (2.4%; 95% CI 0.5–4.3; <it>p </it>= <it>0.013</it>).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These findings suggest that forearm compression holds statistical advantages over upper arm compression. Added to documented physiological and practical reasons, we propose that future studies should use forearm compression in the assessment of endothelial function.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/7/11 |
| spellingShingle | Paun Marla Aulet Mary R Sands Fiona N Trenga Carol A Sullivan Jeffrey H Leotta Daniel F Peretz Alon Gill Edward A Kaufman Joel D Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| title | Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| title_full | Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| title_fullStr | Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| title_short | Flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery: an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| title_sort | flow mediated dilation of the brachial artery an investigation of methods requiring further standardization |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/7/11 |
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