Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory
In this study, cassava tubers cultivated in the Ewekoro cement area were investigated with the aid of Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector in order to assess the radionuclide content. Twenty-seven (27) samples of both arable soil and cassava tubers were studied at different sites to the epicenter of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Food Protection |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068448 |
| _version_ | 1797640266700554240 |
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| author | Olusegun O. Adewoyin Maxwell Omeje Conrad Omonhinmin Obinna Nwinyi Theophilus Arijaje Oluwasegun Ayanbisi |
| author_facet | Olusegun O. Adewoyin Maxwell Omeje Conrad Omonhinmin Obinna Nwinyi Theophilus Arijaje Oluwasegun Ayanbisi |
| author_sort | Olusegun O. Adewoyin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, cassava tubers cultivated in the Ewekoro cement area were investigated with the aid of Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector in order to assess the radionuclide content. Twenty-seven (27) samples of both arable soil and cassava tubers were studied at different sites to the epicenter of the mining activity. The results revealed the highest activity concentrations of K-40, Ra-226, and Th-232 to be 194.10, 63.92, and 76.90 Bq/kg, respectively, in soil to be at site 1, which was 50 m away from the cement mining site. Similarly, cassava reported the highest activity concentrations of 228.15 and 81.50 Bq/kg for K-40 and Ra-226, respectively, at sites 2, which was 150 m away from the mining site. However, the highest value of Th-232 in cassava was noted in site 1. Also, the highest values of Raeq for arable soil and cassava tubers were estimated to be 188.84 Bq/kg and 199.89 Bq/kg at site 1 and site 2, respectively. All the above results were higher than the recommended safe limits by a factor of 2. Moreover, the Total Annual Effective Dose of exposure by oral ingestion of cassava tubers for different age groups revealed children to have the highest level of exposure with the highest mean value of 7.98 mSv. This is followed by adults and infants, which reported 5.66 and 5.38 mSv, respectively, all at site 2. This result is far greater than the recommended safe limits of 1 mSv. Therefore, the results of the total averages of annual effective doses due to consumption of the three natural radionuclides in cassava tubers and other products from it by adults, children, and infants were found to be above the average annual ingestion radiation dose due to natural sources. Further statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences between sites 1 and 2 and between sites 1 and 3, where there was no statistically significant difference between sites 2 and 3. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:29:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5eb812c471504e82bc4c590b343caf78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0362-028X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T13:29:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Food Protection |
| spelling | doaj.art-5eb812c471504e82bc4c590b343caf782023-11-03T04:14:50ZengElsevierJournal of Food Protection0362-028X2023-11-018611100160Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement FactoryOlusegun O. Adewoyin0Maxwell Omeje1Conrad Omonhinmin2Obinna Nwinyi3Theophilus Arijaje4Oluwasegun Ayanbisi5Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Department of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaDepartment of Physics, Covenant University, P.M.B. 1023, Ota, Ogun State, NigeriaIn this study, cassava tubers cultivated in the Ewekoro cement area were investigated with the aid of Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector in order to assess the radionuclide content. Twenty-seven (27) samples of both arable soil and cassava tubers were studied at different sites to the epicenter of the mining activity. The results revealed the highest activity concentrations of K-40, Ra-226, and Th-232 to be 194.10, 63.92, and 76.90 Bq/kg, respectively, in soil to be at site 1, which was 50 m away from the cement mining site. Similarly, cassava reported the highest activity concentrations of 228.15 and 81.50 Bq/kg for K-40 and Ra-226, respectively, at sites 2, which was 150 m away from the mining site. However, the highest value of Th-232 in cassava was noted in site 1. Also, the highest values of Raeq for arable soil and cassava tubers were estimated to be 188.84 Bq/kg and 199.89 Bq/kg at site 1 and site 2, respectively. All the above results were higher than the recommended safe limits by a factor of 2. Moreover, the Total Annual Effective Dose of exposure by oral ingestion of cassava tubers for different age groups revealed children to have the highest level of exposure with the highest mean value of 7.98 mSv. This is followed by adults and infants, which reported 5.66 and 5.38 mSv, respectively, all at site 2. This result is far greater than the recommended safe limits of 1 mSv. Therefore, the results of the total averages of annual effective doses due to consumption of the three natural radionuclides in cassava tubers and other products from it by adults, children, and infants were found to be above the average annual ingestion radiation dose due to natural sources. Further statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences between sites 1 and 2 and between sites 1 and 3, where there was no statistically significant difference between sites 2 and 3.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068448CassavaTotal Annual Effective DoseHyper Pure Germanium SpectrometryActivity concentrationsRadionuclides |
| spellingShingle | Olusegun O. Adewoyin Maxwell Omeje Conrad Omonhinmin Obinna Nwinyi Theophilus Arijaje Oluwasegun Ayanbisi Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory Journal of Food Protection Cassava Total Annual Effective Dose Hyper Pure Germanium Spectrometry Activity concentrations Radionuclides |
| title | Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory |
| title_full | Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory |
| title_short | Assessment of Radium Equivalent Activity and Total Annual Effective Dose in Cassava cultivated around Ewekoro Cement Factory |
| title_sort | assessment of radium equivalent activity and total annual effective dose in cassava cultivated around ewekoro cement factory |
| topic | Cassava Total Annual Effective Dose Hyper Pure Germanium Spectrometry Activity concentrations Radionuclides |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0362028X23068448 |
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