GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann
Object GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected in more than 50 yr of study. In this paper, we present observations in the X-ray and optical domains obtained by the GRANDMA Collaboration and the Insight Collaboration. We study the optical afterglow with empirical fitting using the...
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acc8d0 |
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| author | D. A. Kann S. Agayeva V. Aivazyan S. Alishov C. M. Andrade S. Antier A. Baransky P. Bendjoya Z. Benkhaldoun S. Beradze D. Berezin M. Boër E. Broens S. Brunier M. Bulla O. Burkhonov E. Burns Y. Chen Y. P. Chen M. Conti M. W. Coughlin W. W. Cui F. Daigne B. Delaveau H. A. R. Devillepoix T. Dietrich D. Dornic F. Dubois J.-G. Ducoin E. Durand P.-A. Duverne H.-B. Eggenstein S. Ehgamberdiev A. Fouad M. Freeberg D. Froebrich M. Y. Ge S. Gervasoni V. Godunova P. Gokuldass E. Gurbanov D. W. Han E. Hasanov P. Hello T. Hussenot-Desenonges R. Inasaridze A. Iskandar N. Ismailov A. Janati T. Jegou du Laz S. M. Jia S. Karpov A. Kaeouach R. W. Kiendrebeogo A. Klotz R. Kneip N. Kochiashvili N. Kunert A. Lekic S. Leonini C. K. Li W. Li X. B. Li J. Y. Liao L. Logie F. J. Lu J. Mao D. Marchais R. Ménard D. Morris R. Natsvlishvili V. Nedora K. Noonan K. Noysena N. B. Orange P. T. H. Pang H. W. Peng C. Pellouin J. Peloton T. Pradier O. Pyshna Y. Rajabov S. Rau C. Rinner J.-P. Rivet F. D. Romanov P. Rosi V. A. Rupchandani M. Serrau A. Shokry A. Simon K. Smith O. Sokoliuk M. Soliman L. M. Song A. Takey Y. Tillayev L. M. Tinjaca Ramirez I. Tosta e Melo D. Turpin A. de Ugarte Postigo S. Vanaverbeke V. Vasylenko D. Vernet Z. Vidadi C. Wang J. Wang L. T. Wang X. F. Wang S. L. Xiong Y. P. Xu W. C. Xue X. Zeng S. N. Zhang H. S. Zhao X. F. Zhao |
| author_facet | D. A. Kann S. Agayeva V. Aivazyan S. Alishov C. M. Andrade S. Antier A. Baransky P. Bendjoya Z. Benkhaldoun S. Beradze D. Berezin M. Boër E. Broens S. Brunier M. Bulla O. Burkhonov E. Burns Y. Chen Y. P. Chen M. Conti M. W. Coughlin W. W. Cui F. Daigne B. Delaveau H. A. R. Devillepoix T. Dietrich D. Dornic F. Dubois J.-G. Ducoin E. Durand P.-A. Duverne H.-B. Eggenstein S. Ehgamberdiev A. Fouad M. Freeberg D. Froebrich M. Y. Ge S. Gervasoni V. Godunova P. Gokuldass E. Gurbanov D. W. Han E. Hasanov P. Hello T. Hussenot-Desenonges R. Inasaridze A. Iskandar N. Ismailov A. Janati T. Jegou du Laz S. M. Jia S. Karpov A. Kaeouach R. W. Kiendrebeogo A. Klotz R. Kneip N. Kochiashvili N. Kunert A. Lekic S. Leonini C. K. Li W. Li X. B. Li J. Y. Liao L. Logie F. J. Lu J. Mao D. Marchais R. Ménard D. Morris R. Natsvlishvili V. Nedora K. Noonan K. Noysena N. B. Orange P. T. H. Pang H. W. Peng C. Pellouin J. Peloton T. Pradier O. Pyshna Y. Rajabov S. Rau C. Rinner J.-P. Rivet F. D. Romanov P. Rosi V. A. Rupchandani M. Serrau A. Shokry A. Simon K. Smith O. Sokoliuk M. Soliman L. M. Song A. Takey Y. Tillayev L. M. Tinjaca Ramirez I. Tosta e Melo D. Turpin A. de Ugarte Postigo S. Vanaverbeke V. Vasylenko D. Vernet Z. Vidadi C. Wang J. Wang L. T. Wang X. F. Wang S. L. Xiong Y. P. Xu W. C. Xue X. Zeng S. N. Zhang H. S. Zhao X. F. Zhao |
| author_sort | D. A. Kann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Object GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected in more than 50 yr of study. In this paper, we present observations in the X-ray and optical domains obtained by the GRANDMA Collaboration and the Insight Collaboration. We study the optical afterglow with empirical fitting using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE data sets augmented with data from the literature up to 60 days. We then model numerically using a Bayesian approach, and we find that the GRB afterglow, extinguished by a large dust column, is most likely behind a combination of a large Milky Way dust column and moderate low-metallicity dust in the host galaxy. Using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE+XRT data set, we find that the simplest model, where the observed afterglow is produced by synchrotron radiation at the forward external shock during the deceleration of a top-hat relativistic jet by a uniform medium, fits the multiwavelength observations only moderately well, with a tension between the observed temporal and spectral evolution. This tension is confirmed when using the augmented data set. We find that the consideration of a jet structure (Gaussian or power law), the inclusion of synchrotron self-Compton emission, or the presence of an underlying supernova do not improve the predictions. Placed in the global context of GRB optical afterglows, we find that the afterglow of GRB 221009A is luminous but not extraordinarily so, highlighting that some aspects of this GRB do not deviate from the global known sample despite its extreme energetics and the peculiar afterglow evolution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:24:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ebca5e7256647c995f697755b6c737d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:24:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ebca5e7256647c995f697755b6c737d2023-09-03T13:42:50ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052023-01-019482L1210.3847/2041-8213/acc8d0GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander KannD. A. Kann0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-3583S. Agayeva1https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3673-8997V. Aivazyan2S. Alishov3C. M. Andrade4https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9687-3275S. Antier5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-3334A. Baransky6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9808-1990P. Bendjoya7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4278-1437Z. Benkhaldoun8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6285-9847S. Beradze9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-2817D. Berezin10M. Boër11https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9157-4349E. Broens12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1523-4478S. Brunier13M. Bulla14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8255-5127O. Burkhonov15https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1169-6763E. Burns16https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-3379Y. Chen17Y. P. Chen18M. Conti19M. W. Coughlin20https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8262-2924W. W. Cui21F. Daigne22B. Delaveau23H. A. R. Devillepoix24https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9226-1870T. Dietrich25https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-307XD. Dornic26https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-1468F. Dubois27J.-G. Ducoin28E. Durand29P.-A. Duverne30H.-B. Eggenstein31https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5296-7035S. Ehgamberdiev32https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9730-3769A. Fouad33M. Freeberg34https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4287-7198D. Froebrich35https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4734-3345M. Y. Ge36https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2749-6638S. Gervasoni37V. Godunova38https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-7994P. Gokuldass39E. Gurbanov40D. W. Han41E. Hasanov42P. Hello43T. Hussenot-Desenonges44https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2434-432XR. Inasaridze45https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6653-0915A. Iskandar46N. Ismailov47https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5307-4295A. Janati48T. Jegou du Laz49S. M. Jia50https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-8321S. Karpov51https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0035-651XA. Kaeouach52R. W. Kiendrebeogo53https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9108-5059A. Klotz54https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2652-0069R. Kneip55N. Kochiashvili56https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-4354N. Kunert57A. Lekic58S. Leonini59C. K. Li60W. Li61X. B. Li62J. Y. Liao63L. Logie64F. J. Lu65J. Mao66https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7077-7195D. Marchais67https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2563-0399R. Ménard68D. Morris69R. Natsvlishvili70V. Nedora71K. Noonan72K. Noysena73https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9109-8311N. B. Orange74https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-1436P. T. H. Pang75https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-3239H. W. Peng76C. Pellouin77https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-783XJ. Peloton78https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8560-4449T. Pradier79https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-0060O. Pyshna80Y. Rajabov81https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9878-9553S. Rau82C. Rinner83J.-P. Rivet84https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-5851F. D. Romanov85https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-7735P. Rosi86V. A. Rupchandani87M. Serrau88A. Shokry89A. Simon90https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-5559K. Smith91O. Sokoliuk92M. Soliman93L. M. Song94https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0274-3396A. Takey95https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-5516Y. Tillayev96https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2861-1343L. M. Tinjaca Ramirez97I. Tosta e Melo98D. Turpin99https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-1522A. de Ugarte Postigo100https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7717-5085S. Vanaverbeke101https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0231-2676V. Vasylenko102https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8864-2363D. Vernet103Z. Vidadi104https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3591-0568C. Wang105J. Wang106L. T. Wang107X. F. Wang108https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-2357S. L. Xiong109https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4771-7653Y. P. Xu110W. C. Xue111X. Zeng112S. N. Zhang113H. S. Zhao114X. F. Zhao115Hessian Research Cluster ELEMENTS, Giersch Science Center, Max-von-Laue-Straße 12, Goethe University Frankfurt , Campus Riedberg, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany ; grandma-l@in2p3.frN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanE. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory , Mt. Kanobili, Abastumani, 0301, Adigeni, Georgia; Samtskhe-Javakheti State University , Rustaveli Str. 113, Akhaltsikhe, 0080, GeorgiaN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAArtemis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, FranceAstronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Observatorna Str. 3, Kyiv, 04053, UkraineUniversité Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7293 Laboratoire Lagrange, F 06108 Nice, FranceOukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory , FSSM, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, BP 2390 Marrakesh, MoroccoE. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory , Mt. Kanobili, Abastumani, 0301, Adigeni, Georgia; Samtskhe-Javakheti State University , Rustaveli Str. 113, Akhaltsikhe, 0080, GeorgiaMain Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 27 Acad. Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine; ICAMER Observatory, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 27 Acad. Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, UkraineArtemis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, FranceVereniging Voor Sterrenkunde, Balen-Neetlaan 18A, B-2400, Mol, BelgiumUniversité Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7293 Laboratoire Lagrange, F 06108 Nice, FranceDepartment of Physics and Earth Science, University of Ferrara , via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy; INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy; INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo, via Mentore Maggini snc, I-64100 Teramo, ItalyUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Astronomy Str. 33, Tashkent 100052, UzbekistanDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USAKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnMontarrenti Observatory , S.S. 73 Ponente, I-53018 Sovicille, Siena, ItalySchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnSorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , 98 bis bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceInstitut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées IPSA , 63 bis Boulevard de Brandebourg, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, FranceSpace Science & Technology Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University , GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaInstitute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam , Haus 28, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) , Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, GermanyCPPM, Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceAstroLAB IRIS, Provinciaal Domein “De Palingbeek”, Verbrandemolenstraat 5, B-8902 Zillebeke, Ieper, Belgium; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Oostmeers 122 C, B-8000 Brugge, BelgiumSorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , 98 bis bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceInstitut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées IPSA , 63 bis Boulevard de Brandebourg, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, FranceUniversité Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, FranceVolkssternwarte Paderborn , Im Schlosspark 13, D-33104 Paderborn, GermanyUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Astronomy Str. 33, Tashkent 100052, Uzbekistan; National University of Uzbekistan , 4 University Str., Tashkent 100174, UzbekistanNational Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) , 1 El-marsad St., 11421 Helwan, Cairo, EgyptKNC, AAVSO, Hidden Valley Observatory (HVO) , Colfax, WI, USA; iTelescope, New Mexico Skies Observatory, Mayhill, NM, USASchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kent , Canterbury CT2 7NH, UKKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnArtemis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, FranceMain Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 27 Acad. Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine; ICAMER Observatory, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 27 Acad. Zabolotnoho Str., 03143 Kyiv, UkraineDepartment of Aerospace, Physics, and Space Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne, FL 32901, USAN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanIJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, FranceIJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, FranceE. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory , Mt. Kanobili, Abastumani, 0301, Adigeni, Georgia; Samtskhe-Javakheti State University , Rustaveli Str. 113, Akhaltsikhe, 0080, GeorgiaXinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, 830011, People’s Republic of ChinaN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanOukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory , FSSM, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, BP 2390 Marrakesh, MoroccoIJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, FranceKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnCEICO, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Na Slovance 1999/2, CZ-182 21, Praha, Czech RepublicOukaimeden Observatory, Cadi Ayyad University , High Atlas Observatory, MoroccoSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Artemis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, France; Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO , Ouagadougou, Burkina FasoIRAP, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, UPS, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Université de Toulouse , 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31400 Toulouse, FranceK26 / Contern Observatory (private obs.), 1, beim Schmilberbour, 5316 Contern, LuxembourgE. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory , Mt. Kanobili, Abastumani, 0301, Adigeni, GeorgiaInstitute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam , Haus 28, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, GermanyInstitut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées IPSA , 63 bis Boulevard de Brandebourg, F-94200 Ivry-sur-Seine, FranceMontarrenti Observatory , S.S. 73 Ponente, I-53018 Sovicille, Siena, ItalyKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnAstroLAB IRIS, Provinciaal Domein “De Palingbeek”, Verbrandemolenstraat 5, B-8902 Zillebeke, Ieper, Belgium; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Oostmeers 122 C, B-8000 Brugge, BelgiumKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnYunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 650011 Kunming, Yunnan Province, People’s Republic of China; Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100012 Beijing, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 650011 Kunming, People’s Republic of ChinaObservatoire du Crous des Gats, F-31550 Cintegabelle, FranceClub d’astronomie Mont-Tremblant, 545 Chemin Saint-Bernard, Mont-Tremblant, QC, J8E 1S8, CanadaUniversity of the Virgin Islands , United States Virgin Islands 00802, USAE. Kharadze Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory , Mt. Kanobili, Abastumani, 0301, Adigeni, GeorgiaMax Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) , Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam, GermanyUniversity of the Virgin Islands , United States Virgin Islands 00802, USANational Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization) , 260, Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Mae Rim, Chiang Mai, 50180, ThailandOrangeWave Innovative Science , LLC, Moncks Corner, SC 29461, USANikhef, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University , Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The NetherlandsPhysics Department, Tsinghua University , Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of ChinaSorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , 98 bis bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceIJCLab, Univ Paris-Saclay , CNRS/IN2P3, Orsay, FranceUniversité de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, FranceAstronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Observatorna Str. 3, Kyiv, 04053, UkraineUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Astronomy Str. 33, Tashkent 100052, UzbekistanAstroLAB IRIS, Provinciaal Domein “De Palingbeek”, Verbrandemolenstraat 5, B-8902 Zillebeke, Ieper, Belgium; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Oostmeers 122 C, B-8000 Brugge, BelgiumOukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory , FSSM, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, BP 2390 Marrakesh, MoroccoUniversité Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7293 Laboratoire Lagrange, F 06108 Nice, FranceAAVSO Observer; Pobedy Street , House 7, Flat 60, Yuzhno-Morskoy, Nakhodka, Primorsky Krai 692954, RussiaMontarrenti Observatory , S.S. 73 Ponente, I-53018 Sovicille, Siena, ItalyBrown University , Providence, RI 02912, USA; American University of Sharjah , Sharjah, UAESociété Astronomique de France , Observatoire de Dauban, F-04150 Banon, FranceNational Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) , 1 El-marsad St., 11421 Helwan, Cairo, EgyptAstronomy and Space Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Glushkova Ave., 4, Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine; National Center Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Dehtiarivska St. 38-44, Kyiv, 04119, UkraineUniversity of the Virgin Islands , United States Virgin Islands 00802, USAAstronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Observatorna Str. 3, Kyiv, 04053, Ukraine; Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , 27 Acad. Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv, 03143, UkraineDepartment of Astronomy and Meteorology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University , 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, EgyptKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnNational Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) , 1 El-marsad St., 11421 Helwan, Cairo, EgyptUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , Astronomy Str. 33, Tashkent 100052, Uzbekistan; National University of Uzbekistan , 4 University Str., Tashkent 100174, UzbekistanMontarrenti Observatory , S.S. 73 Ponente, I-53018 Sovicille, Siena, ItalyINFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, I-95125 Catania, ItalyUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité , CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceArtemis, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, Université Côte d’Azur , Boulevard de l’Observatoire, F-06304 Nice, FranceAstroLAB IRIS, Provinciaal Domein “De Palingbeek”, Verbrandemolenstraat 5, B-8902 Zillebeke, Ieper, Belgium; Vereniging Voor Sterrenkunde (VVS), Oostmeers 122 C, B-8000 Brugge, BelgiumAstronomy and Space Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , Glushkova Ave., 4, Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine; National Center Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Dehtiarivska St. 38-44, Kyiv, 04119, UkraineObservatoire de la Côte d’Azur , CNRS, UMS Galilée, FranceN. Tusi Shamakhy Astrophysical Observatory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences , settl.Y. Mammadaliyev, AZ 5626, Shamakhy, AzerbaijanNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100012, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnXinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Urumqi, 830011, People’s Republic of ChinaPhysics Department, Tsinghua University , Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China; Beijing Planetarium, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology , Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnCenter for Astronomy and Space Sciences, China Three Gorges University , Yichang 443000, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnKey Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China xiongsl@ihep.ac.cnObject GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected in more than 50 yr of study. In this paper, we present observations in the X-ray and optical domains obtained by the GRANDMA Collaboration and the Insight Collaboration. We study the optical afterglow with empirical fitting using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE data sets augmented with data from the literature up to 60 days. We then model numerically using a Bayesian approach, and we find that the GRB afterglow, extinguished by a large dust column, is most likely behind a combination of a large Milky Way dust column and moderate low-metallicity dust in the host galaxy. Using the GRANDMA+HXMT-LE+XRT data set, we find that the simplest model, where the observed afterglow is produced by synchrotron radiation at the forward external shock during the deceleration of a top-hat relativistic jet by a uniform medium, fits the multiwavelength observations only moderately well, with a tension between the observed temporal and spectral evolution. This tension is confirmed when using the augmented data set. We find that the consideration of a jet structure (Gaussian or power law), the inclusion of synchrotron self-Compton emission, or the presence of an underlying supernova do not improve the predictions. Placed in the global context of GRB optical afterglows, we find that the afterglow of GRB 221009A is luminous but not extraordinarily so, highlighting that some aspects of this GRB do not deviate from the global known sample despite its extreme energetics and the peculiar afterglow evolution.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acc8d0Optical astronomyOptical telescopesInterstellar dust extinctionGamma-ray burstersAstronomy data modeling |
| spellingShingle | D. A. Kann S. Agayeva V. Aivazyan S. Alishov C. M. Andrade S. Antier A. Baransky P. Bendjoya Z. Benkhaldoun S. Beradze D. Berezin M. Boër E. Broens S. Brunier M. Bulla O. Burkhonov E. Burns Y. Chen Y. P. Chen M. Conti M. W. Coughlin W. W. Cui F. Daigne B. Delaveau H. A. R. Devillepoix T. Dietrich D. Dornic F. Dubois J.-G. Ducoin E. Durand P.-A. Duverne H.-B. Eggenstein S. Ehgamberdiev A. Fouad M. Freeberg D. Froebrich M. Y. Ge S. Gervasoni V. Godunova P. Gokuldass E. Gurbanov D. W. Han E. Hasanov P. Hello T. Hussenot-Desenonges R. Inasaridze A. Iskandar N. Ismailov A. Janati T. Jegou du Laz S. M. Jia S. Karpov A. Kaeouach R. W. Kiendrebeogo A. Klotz R. Kneip N. Kochiashvili N. Kunert A. Lekic S. Leonini C. K. Li W. Li X. B. Li J. Y. Liao L. Logie F. J. Lu J. Mao D. Marchais R. Ménard D. Morris R. Natsvlishvili V. Nedora K. Noonan K. Noysena N. B. Orange P. T. H. Pang H. W. Peng C. Pellouin J. Peloton T. Pradier O. Pyshna Y. Rajabov S. Rau C. Rinner J.-P. Rivet F. D. Romanov P. Rosi V. A. Rupchandani M. Serrau A. Shokry A. Simon K. Smith O. Sokoliuk M. Soliman L. M. Song A. Takey Y. Tillayev L. M. Tinjaca Ramirez I. Tosta e Melo D. Turpin A. de Ugarte Postigo S. Vanaverbeke V. Vasylenko D. Vernet Z. Vidadi C. Wang J. Wang L. T. Wang X. F. Wang S. L. Xiong Y. P. Xu W. C. Xue X. Zeng S. N. Zhang H. S. Zhao X. F. Zhao GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann The Astrophysical Journal Letters Optical astronomy Optical telescopes Interstellar dust extinction Gamma-ray bursters Astronomy data modeling |
| title | GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann |
| title_full | GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann |
| title_fullStr | GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann |
| title_full_unstemmed | GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann |
| title_short | GRANDMA and HXMT Observations of GRB 221009A: The Standard Luminosity Afterglow of a Hyperluminous Gamma-Ray Burst—In Gedenken an David Alexander Kann |
| title_sort | grandma and hxmt observations of grb 221009a the standard luminosity afterglow of a hyperluminous gamma ray burst in gedenken an david alexander kann |
| topic | Optical astronomy Optical telescopes Interstellar dust extinction Gamma-ray bursters Astronomy data modeling |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acc8d0 |
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