Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance
This paper is the first part of the two-part exposition, addressing performance and dynamic stability of birds. The aerodynamic model underlying the entire study is presented in this part. It exploits the simplicity of the lifting line approximation to furnish the forces and moments acting on a sing...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Royal Society
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Royal Society Open Science |
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| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.140248 |
| _version_ | 1818991740437135360 |
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| author | G. Iosilevskii |
| author_facet | G. Iosilevskii |
| author_sort | G. Iosilevskii |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper is the first part of the two-part exposition, addressing performance and dynamic stability of birds. The aerodynamic model underlying the entire study is presented in this part. It exploits the simplicity of the lifting line approximation to furnish the forces and moments acting on a single wing in closed analytical forms. The accuracy of the model is corroborated by comparison with numerical simulations based on the vortex lattice method. Performance is studied both in tethered (as on a sting in a wind tunnel) and in free flights. Wing twist is identified as the main parameter affecting the flight performance—at high speeds, it improves efficiency, the rate of climb and the maximal level speed; at low speeds, it allows flying slower. It is demonstrated that, under most circumstances, the difference in performance between tethered and free flights is small. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:15:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ecc31d3b3c3402bbbe1c24a621244fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2054-5703 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T20:15:04Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Royal Society Open Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ecc31d3b3c3402bbbe1c24a621244fd2022-12-21T19:27:44ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032014-01-011210.1098/rsos.140248140248Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performanceG. IosilevskiiThis paper is the first part of the two-part exposition, addressing performance and dynamic stability of birds. The aerodynamic model underlying the entire study is presented in this part. It exploits the simplicity of the lifting line approximation to furnish the forces and moments acting on a single wing in closed analytical forms. The accuracy of the model is corroborated by comparison with numerical simulations based on the vortex lattice method. Performance is studied both in tethered (as on a sting in a wind tunnel) and in free flights. Wing twist is identified as the main parameter affecting the flight performance—at high speeds, it improves efficiency, the rate of climb and the maximal level speed; at low speeds, it allows flying slower. It is demonstrated that, under most circumstances, the difference in performance between tethered and free flights is small.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.140248aerodynamicsflight performanceflapping flightpropulsion efficiency |
| spellingShingle | G. Iosilevskii Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance Royal Society Open Science aerodynamics flight performance flapping flight propulsion efficiency |
| title | Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance |
| title_full | Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance |
| title_fullStr | Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance |
| title_short | Forward flight of birds revisited. Part 1: aerodynamics and performance |
| title_sort | forward flight of birds revisited part 1 aerodynamics and performance |
| topic | aerodynamics flight performance flapping flight propulsion efficiency |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.140248 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giosilevskii forwardflightofbirdsrevisitedpart1aerodynamicsandperformance |