Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans
<i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10, a probiotic strain, has been demonstrated to improve exercise performance, regulate body composition, and ameliorate age-related declines. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of viable and heat-killed TWK10 in the regulation of exercise p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2181 |
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| author | Chia-Chia Lee Yi-Chu Liao Mon-Chien Lee Yi-Chen Cheng Shiou-Yun Chiou Jin-Seng Lin Chi-Chang Huang Koichi Watanabe |
| author_facet | Chia-Chia Lee Yi-Chu Liao Mon-Chien Lee Yi-Chen Cheng Shiou-Yun Chiou Jin-Seng Lin Chi-Chang Huang Koichi Watanabe |
| author_sort | Chia-Chia Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10, a probiotic strain, has been demonstrated to improve exercise performance, regulate body composition, and ameliorate age-related declines. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of viable and heat-killed TWK10 in the regulation of exercise performance, body composition, and gut microbiota in humans. Healthy adults (<i>n</i> = 53) were randomly divided into three groups: Control, TWK10 (viable TWK10, 3 × 10<sup>11</sup> colony forming units/day), and TWK10-hk (heat-killed TWK10, 3 × 10<sup>11</sup> cells/day) groups. After six-week administration, both the TWK10 and TWK10-hk groups had significantly improved exercise performance and fatigue-associated features and reduced exercise-induced inflammation, compared with controls. Viable TWK10 significantly promoted improved body composition, by increasing muscle mass proportion and reducing fat mass. Gut microbiota analysis demonstrated significantly increasing trends in the relative abundances of <i>Akkermansiaceae</i> and <i>Prevotellaceae</i> in subjects receiving viable TWK10. Predictive metagenomic profiling revealed that heat-killed TWK10 administration significantly enhanced the signaling pathways involved in amino acid metabolisms, while glutathione metabolism, and ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis pathways were enriched by viable TWK10. In conclusion, viable and heat-killed TWK10 had similar effects in improving exercise performance and attenuating exercise-induced inflammatory responses as probiotics and postbiotics, respectively. Viable TWK10 was also highly effective in regulating body composition. The differences in efficacy between viable and heat-killed TWK10 may be due to differential impacts in shaping gut microbiota. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5ef3ae9c33d943fba417a87377ca30d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:49:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-5ef3ae9c33d943fba417a87377ca30d02023-11-24T05:57:05ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-11-011011218110.3390/microorganisms10112181Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in HumansChia-Chia Lee0Yi-Chu Liao1Mon-Chien Lee2Yi-Chen Cheng3Shiou-Yun Chiou4Jin-Seng Lin5Chi-Chang Huang6Koichi Watanabe7Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, TaiwanCulture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 333325, TaiwanCulture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, TaiwanCulture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, TaiwanCulture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan 333325, TaiwanCulture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung 82151, Taiwan<i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10, a probiotic strain, has been demonstrated to improve exercise performance, regulate body composition, and ameliorate age-related declines. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of viable and heat-killed TWK10 in the regulation of exercise performance, body composition, and gut microbiota in humans. Healthy adults (<i>n</i> = 53) were randomly divided into three groups: Control, TWK10 (viable TWK10, 3 × 10<sup>11</sup> colony forming units/day), and TWK10-hk (heat-killed TWK10, 3 × 10<sup>11</sup> cells/day) groups. After six-week administration, both the TWK10 and TWK10-hk groups had significantly improved exercise performance and fatigue-associated features and reduced exercise-induced inflammation, compared with controls. Viable TWK10 significantly promoted improved body composition, by increasing muscle mass proportion and reducing fat mass. Gut microbiota analysis demonstrated significantly increasing trends in the relative abundances of <i>Akkermansiaceae</i> and <i>Prevotellaceae</i> in subjects receiving viable TWK10. Predictive metagenomic profiling revealed that heat-killed TWK10 administration significantly enhanced the signaling pathways involved in amino acid metabolisms, while glutathione metabolism, and ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis pathways were enriched by viable TWK10. In conclusion, viable and heat-killed TWK10 had similar effects in improving exercise performance and attenuating exercise-induced inflammatory responses as probiotics and postbiotics, respectively. Viable TWK10 was also highly effective in regulating body composition. The differences in efficacy between viable and heat-killed TWK10 may be due to differential impacts in shaping gut microbiota.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2181probioticspostbioticsviableheat-killed<i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10exercise performance |
| spellingShingle | Chia-Chia Lee Yi-Chu Liao Mon-Chien Lee Yi-Chen Cheng Shiou-Yun Chiou Jin-Seng Lin Chi-Chang Huang Koichi Watanabe Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans Microorganisms probiotics postbiotics viable heat-killed <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 exercise performance |
| title | Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans |
| title_full | Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans |
| title_fullStr | Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans |
| title_short | Different Impacts of Heat-Killed and Viable <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 on Exercise Performance, Fatigue, Body Composition, and Gut Microbiota in Humans |
| title_sort | different impacts of heat killed and viable i lactiplantibacillus plantarum i twk10 on exercise performance fatigue body composition and gut microbiota in humans |
| topic | probiotics postbiotics viable heat-killed <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> TWK10 exercise performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/11/2181 |
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