Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study
IntroductionDiabetes is a significant problem in sub-Saharan Africa and achieving glycaemic control poses a health challenge among patients living with type 2 diabetes. There are limited data on glycaemic control in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This study assessed the prevalence and f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1241882/full |
| _version_ | 1827680749140049920 |
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| author | Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Olufemi Babatunde Omole Joel Msafiri Francis |
| author_facet | Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Olufemi Babatunde Omole Joel Msafiri Francis |
| author_sort | Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionDiabetes is a significant problem in sub-Saharan Africa and achieving glycaemic control poses a health challenge among patients living with type 2 diabetes. There are limited data on glycaemic control in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with glycaemic control to inform potential interventions to improve glycaemic control in Kinshasa.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2021–September 2022 among patients recruited from 20 randomly selected health facilities in Kinshasa. Participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire and to provide two millilitres of blood for Hb1AC assay. Poor glycaemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7%. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with poor glycaemic control.ResultsA total of 620 participants were recruited for this study. Study participants had a median age of 60 (IQR=53.5-69) years with the majority being female (66.1%), unemployed (67.8%), having income below the poverty line (76.4%), and without health insurance (92.1%). About two-thirds of the participants (420; 67.6%) had poor glycaemic control. Participants on monotherapy with insulin (AOR=1.64, 95%CI [1.10-2.45]) and those on a treatment duration ≥7 years (AOR=1.45, 95%CI [1.01-2.08]) were associated with increased odds of poor glycaemic control while being overweight (AOR= 0.47, 95%CI [0.26-0.85]) and those with uncontrolled blood pressure (AOR=0.65, 95% CI [0.48-0.90]) were protective for poor glycaemic control.ConclusionPoor glycaemic control is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, DRC. Being on insulin alone and a duration of diabetes treatment equal or more than 7 years predisposed to poor glycaemic control. By contrary, having uncontrolled blood pressure and being overweight had protective effect against poor glycaemic control. These links between uncontrolled blood pressure and overweight on the one hand, and glycaemic control on the other are unusual. These reflect, among other things, the specific characteristics of diabetes in sub Saharan Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:57:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5efbc26362404b68aeae6bd9e84d8ed2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-6616 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:57:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-5efbc26362404b68aeae6bd9e84d8ed22023-11-22T16:19:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare2673-66162023-11-01410.3389/fcdhc.2023.12418821241882Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional studyJean-Pierre Fina Lubaki0Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki1Olufemi Babatunde Omole2Joel Msafiri Francis3Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Protestant University of Congo, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of CongoDepartment of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Family Medicine and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaIntroductionDiabetes is a significant problem in sub-Saharan Africa and achieving glycaemic control poses a health challenge among patients living with type 2 diabetes. There are limited data on glycaemic control in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with glycaemic control to inform potential interventions to improve glycaemic control in Kinshasa.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2021–September 2022 among patients recruited from 20 randomly selected health facilities in Kinshasa. Participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire and to provide two millilitres of blood for Hb1AC assay. Poor glycaemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7%. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with poor glycaemic control.ResultsA total of 620 participants were recruited for this study. Study participants had a median age of 60 (IQR=53.5-69) years with the majority being female (66.1%), unemployed (67.8%), having income below the poverty line (76.4%), and without health insurance (92.1%). About two-thirds of the participants (420; 67.6%) had poor glycaemic control. Participants on monotherapy with insulin (AOR=1.64, 95%CI [1.10-2.45]) and those on a treatment duration ≥7 years (AOR=1.45, 95%CI [1.01-2.08]) were associated with increased odds of poor glycaemic control while being overweight (AOR= 0.47, 95%CI [0.26-0.85]) and those with uncontrolled blood pressure (AOR=0.65, 95% CI [0.48-0.90]) were protective for poor glycaemic control.ConclusionPoor glycaemic control is prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, DRC. Being on insulin alone and a duration of diabetes treatment equal or more than 7 years predisposed to poor glycaemic control. By contrary, having uncontrolled blood pressure and being overweight had protective effect against poor glycaemic control. These links between uncontrolled blood pressure and overweight on the one hand, and glycaemic control on the other are unusual. These reflect, among other things, the specific characteristics of diabetes in sub Saharan Africa.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1241882/fulldiabetes mellitustype 2factorsglycaemic controlcross-sectional studysub-Sahara Africa |
| spellingShingle | Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Jean-Pierre Fina Lubaki Olufemi Babatunde Omole Joel Msafiri Francis Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare diabetes mellitus type 2 factors glycaemic control cross-sectional study sub-Sahara Africa |
| title | Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Poor glycaemic control: prevalence, factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | poor glycaemic control prevalence factors and implications for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes in kinshasa democratic republic of the congo a cross sectional study |
| topic | diabetes mellitus type 2 factors glycaemic control cross-sectional study sub-Sahara Africa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1241882/full |
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