Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has serious consequences for those affected. Little is documented on the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV). Aim: This study aimed to assess the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM amongst PLWHIV...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
AOSIS
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3256 |
| _version_ | 1818253990801965056 |
|---|---|
| author | Nokwanda E. Bam Wezile Chitha Jafta Ntsaba Sibusiso C. Nomatshila Teke Apalata Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda |
| author_facet | Nokwanda E. Bam Wezile Chitha Jafta Ntsaba Sibusiso C. Nomatshila Teke Apalata Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda |
| author_sort | Nokwanda E. Bam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has serious consequences for those affected. Little is documented on the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV).
Aim: This study aimed to assess the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM amongst PLWHIV who were on antiretroviral treatment (ARV).
Setting: This study was undertaken in 10 community health clinics and 140 clinics in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province.
Methods: This case control study was undertaken amongst PLWHIV who were on ARV in OR Tambo district.
Results: Cases and controls showed statistically significant differences on the duration of time on ARV (p 0.0001), vigorous work (p = 0.019), participation in moderate sport (p = 0.007) and consuming daily fruit and vegetable servings (p = 0.021). Those reporting to be on ARVs for 6 to 10 years were three times more likely to be diabetic than those who had only been on ARV for a year or less (odds ratio [OR] = 3.0; p = 0.017) and in comparison, to participants who reported having one serving, participants who had four fruit and vegetable servings daily were 3.2 times more likely to be diabetic (OR = 3.2; p = 0.002).
Conclusion: This study revealed significant nutritional imbalances on fruit and vegetable servings and on participation in moderate sport resulting in poor diabetic control. Routine screening and measurements need to focus on dietary and physical lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM in order to counsel patients on ARV on balanced nutrition and optimise outcomes in the quality care of PLWHIV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:48:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f06b8301bc04b14a2280e953f54d6df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2071-2928 2071-2936 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:48:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f06b8301bc04b14a2280e953f54d6df2022-12-22T00:18:24ZengAOSISAfrican Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine2071-29282071-29362022-05-01141e1e710.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3256928Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South AfricaNokwanda E. Bam0Wezile Chitha1Jafta Ntsaba2Sibusiso C. Nomatshila3Teke Apalata4Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda5Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, MahikengHealth Systems Innovation Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, MthathaDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, MthathaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, MthathaThe George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of New South Wales, SydneyBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has serious consequences for those affected. Little is documented on the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWHIV). Aim: This study aimed to assess the lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM amongst PLWHIV who were on antiretroviral treatment (ARV). Setting: This study was undertaken in 10 community health clinics and 140 clinics in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province. Methods: This case control study was undertaken amongst PLWHIV who were on ARV in OR Tambo district. Results: Cases and controls showed statistically significant differences on the duration of time on ARV (p 0.0001), vigorous work (p = 0.019), participation in moderate sport (p = 0.007) and consuming daily fruit and vegetable servings (p = 0.021). Those reporting to be on ARVs for 6 to 10 years were three times more likely to be diabetic than those who had only been on ARV for a year or less (odds ratio [OR] = 3.0; p = 0.017) and in comparison, to participants who reported having one serving, participants who had four fruit and vegetable servings daily were 3.2 times more likely to be diabetic (OR = 3.2; p = 0.002). Conclusion: This study revealed significant nutritional imbalances on fruit and vegetable servings and on participation in moderate sport resulting in poor diabetic control. Routine screening and measurements need to focus on dietary and physical lifestyle determinants of type 2 DM in order to counsel patients on ARV on balanced nutrition and optimise outcomes in the quality care of PLWHIV.https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3256lifestylepeople living with hivplwhivtype 2 dmhiv/aidspatientsarv |
| spellingShingle | Nokwanda E. Bam Wezile Chitha Jafta Ntsaba Sibusiso C. Nomatshila Teke Apalata Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine lifestyle people living with hiv plwhiv type 2 dm hiv/aids patients arv |
| title | Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa |
| title_full | Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa |
| title_short | Lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with HIV in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa |
| title_sort | lifestyle determinants of diabetes mellitus amongst people living with hiv in the eastern cape province south africa |
| topic | lifestyle people living with hiv plwhiv type 2 dm hiv/aids patients arv |
| url | https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/3256 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nokwandaebam lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT wezilechitha lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT jaftantsaba lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT sibusisocnomatshila lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT tekeapalata lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica AT sikhumbuzoamabunda lifestyledeterminantsofdiabetesmellitusamongstpeoplelivingwithhivintheeasterncapeprovincesouthafrica |