Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. Th...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258 |
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author | Daniel Norman Carl Johan Drott Per-Ola Carlsson Daniel Espes |
author_facet | Daniel Norman Carl Johan Drott Per-Ola Carlsson Daniel Espes |
author_sort | Daniel Norman |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. The precursor of irisin, fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), was identified in rat and human islets by both qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Both α- and β-cells stained positive for FNDC5. In human islets, we found that irisin was secreted in a glucose-dependent manner. Neither irisin nor an irisin-neutralizing antibody affected insulin or glucagon secretion from human or rat islets in vitro. The insulin and glucagon content in islets was not altered by irisin. The intravenous infusion of irisin in <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats resulted in nearly 50% reduction in islet blood flow compared to the control. We conclude that irisin is an islet hormone that has a novel role in pancreatic islet physiology, exerting local vascular effects by diminishing islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion per se. |
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language | English |
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spelling | doaj.art-5f09b57b144e40d0a9675a10ad213af32023-11-23T18:52:45ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-01-0110225810.3390/biomedicines10020258Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet HormoneDaniel Norman0Carl Johan Drott1Per-Ola Carlsson2Daniel Espes3Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenIrisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. The precursor of irisin, fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), was identified in rat and human islets by both qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Both α- and β-cells stained positive for FNDC5. In human islets, we found that irisin was secreted in a glucose-dependent manner. Neither irisin nor an irisin-neutralizing antibody affected insulin or glucagon secretion from human or rat islets in vitro. The insulin and glucagon content in islets was not altered by irisin. The intravenous infusion of irisin in <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats resulted in nearly 50% reduction in islet blood flow compared to the control. We conclude that irisin is an islet hormone that has a novel role in pancreatic islet physiology, exerting local vascular effects by diminishing islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion per se.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258irisinpancreatic isletsblood flowvascular |
spellingShingle | Daniel Norman Carl Johan Drott Per-Ola Carlsson Daniel Espes Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone Biomedicines irisin pancreatic islets blood flow vascular |
title | Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone |
title_full | Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone |
title_fullStr | Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone |
title_full_unstemmed | Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone |
title_short | Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone |
title_sort | irisin a pancreatic islet hormone |
topic | irisin pancreatic islets blood flow vascular |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT danielnorman irisinapancreaticislethormone AT carljohandrott irisinapancreaticislethormone AT perolacarlsson irisinapancreaticislethormone AT danielespes irisinapancreaticislethormone |