Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone

Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. Th...

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Main Authors: Daniel Norman, Carl Johan Drott, Per-Ola Carlsson, Daniel Espes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-01-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258
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author Daniel Norman
Carl Johan Drott
Per-Ola Carlsson
Daniel Espes
author_facet Daniel Norman
Carl Johan Drott
Per-Ola Carlsson
Daniel Espes
author_sort Daniel Norman
collection DOAJ
description Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. The precursor of irisin, fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), was identified in rat and human islets by both qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Both α- and β-cells stained positive for FNDC5. In human islets, we found that irisin was secreted in a glucose-dependent manner. Neither irisin nor an irisin-neutralizing antibody affected insulin or glucagon secretion from human or rat islets in vitro. The insulin and glucagon content in islets was not altered by irisin. The intravenous infusion of irisin in <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats resulted in nearly 50% reduction in islet blood flow compared to the control. We conclude that irisin is an islet hormone that has a novel role in pancreatic islet physiology, exerting local vascular effects by diminishing islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion per se.
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spelling doaj.art-5f09b57b144e40d0a9675a10ad213af32023-11-23T18:52:45ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-01-0110225810.3390/biomedicines10020258Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet HormoneDaniel Norman0Carl Johan Drott1Per-Ola Carlsson2Daniel Espes3Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenScience for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, SwedenIrisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis. It is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle, but also in the pancreas. This study aimed to elucidate its presence and role in the islets of Langerhans—i.e., its effect on insulin and glucagon secretion as well as on blood flow in the pancreas. The precursor of irisin, fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), was identified in rat and human islets by both qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Both α- and β-cells stained positive for FNDC5. In human islets, we found that irisin was secreted in a glucose-dependent manner. Neither irisin nor an irisin-neutralizing antibody affected insulin or glucagon secretion from human or rat islets in vitro. The insulin and glucagon content in islets was not altered by irisin. The intravenous infusion of irisin in <i>Sprague Dawley</i> rats resulted in nearly 50% reduction in islet blood flow compared to the control. We conclude that irisin is an islet hormone that has a novel role in pancreatic islet physiology, exerting local vascular effects by diminishing islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion per se.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258irisinpancreatic isletsblood flowvascular
spellingShingle Daniel Norman
Carl Johan Drott
Per-Ola Carlsson
Daniel Espes
Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
Biomedicines
irisin
pancreatic islets
blood flow
vascular
title Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
title_full Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
title_fullStr Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
title_full_unstemmed Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
title_short Irisin—A Pancreatic Islet Hormone
title_sort irisin a pancreatic islet hormone
topic irisin
pancreatic islets
blood flow
vascular
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/2/258
work_keys_str_mv AT danielnorman irisinapancreaticislethormone
AT carljohandrott irisinapancreaticislethormone
AT perolacarlsson irisinapancreaticislethormone
AT danielespes irisinapancreaticislethormone