Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease
ObjectiveCognitive impairment is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Caffeine intake has been reported to improve cognitive performance in several studies. However, whether the benefits of caffeine intake on cognitive function apply to patients with CKD remains unknown.MethodsWe p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.976244/full |
| _version_ | 1811241527826972672 |
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| author | Linpei Jia Hanxue Zhao Lixiao Hao Lin-Hui Jia Rufu Jia Hong-Liang Zhang |
| author_facet | Linpei Jia Hanxue Zhao Lixiao Hao Lin-Hui Jia Rufu Jia Hong-Liang Zhang |
| author_sort | Linpei Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveCognitive impairment is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Caffeine intake has been reported to improve cognitive performance in several studies. However, whether the benefits of caffeine intake on cognitive function apply to patients with CKD remains unknown.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The data of CKD subjects and non-CKD subjects from NHANES 2011−2014 were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed based on age, sex, diabetes, cancer, educational level, energy intake and protein intake to select subjects. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning Test (CERAD-WL), the CERAD Word List Recall Test (CERAD-DR), the Animal Fluency Test (AF) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used, whereby the occurrence of cognitive impairment was identified. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and cognitive performance in CKD and non-CKD participants. Stratified analyses according to the stage of CKD and the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio levels were performed. Plot curves were then generalized to present a non-linear relationship, and the inflection point for each non-linear model was obtained by using a recursive algorithm.ResultsCognitive impairment was more prevalent in CKD patients than in non-CKD subjects. For CKD patients, caffeine intake was associated with higher CERAD-WL, CERAD-DR, AF and DSST scores. For non-CKD subjects, caffeine intake was associated with higher DSST scores only. Subgroup analysis revealed that caffeine only benefited the cognitive function of patients with CKD stages 2 and 3. The analysis showed non-linear relationships of caffeine intake and cognitive function for both CKD and non-CKD subjects. The inflection point of caffeine intake for CKD patients was 279 mg/day.ConclusionThe recommended dose of caffeine intake to improve the cognitive function of CKD patients is ≤279 mg/day. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:37:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f0ad36afd784b2083f8d6f043510635 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:37:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f0ad36afd784b2083f8d6f0435106352022-12-22T03:30:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-10-01910.3389/fmed.2022.976244976244Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney diseaseLinpei Jia0Hanxue Zhao1Lixiao Hao2Lin-Hui Jia3Rufu Jia4Hong-Liang Zhang5Department of Nephrology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of General Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, ChinaAdministrative Office, Central Hospital of Cangzhou, Cangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, ChinaObjectiveCognitive impairment is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Caffeine intake has been reported to improve cognitive performance in several studies. However, whether the benefits of caffeine intake on cognitive function apply to patients with CKD remains unknown.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The data of CKD subjects and non-CKD subjects from NHANES 2011−2014 were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed based on age, sex, diabetes, cancer, educational level, energy intake and protein intake to select subjects. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning Test (CERAD-WL), the CERAD Word List Recall Test (CERAD-DR), the Animal Fluency Test (AF) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used, whereby the occurrence of cognitive impairment was identified. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the association between caffeine intake and cognitive performance in CKD and non-CKD participants. Stratified analyses according to the stage of CKD and the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio levels were performed. Plot curves were then generalized to present a non-linear relationship, and the inflection point for each non-linear model was obtained by using a recursive algorithm.ResultsCognitive impairment was more prevalent in CKD patients than in non-CKD subjects. For CKD patients, caffeine intake was associated with higher CERAD-WL, CERAD-DR, AF and DSST scores. For non-CKD subjects, caffeine intake was associated with higher DSST scores only. Subgroup analysis revealed that caffeine only benefited the cognitive function of patients with CKD stages 2 and 3. The analysis showed non-linear relationships of caffeine intake and cognitive function for both CKD and non-CKD subjects. The inflection point of caffeine intake for CKD patients was 279 mg/day.ConclusionThe recommended dose of caffeine intake to improve the cognitive function of CKD patients is ≤279 mg/day.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.976244/fullcaffeinechronic kidney diseasecognitive performancethe National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveycognitive impairment |
| spellingShingle | Linpei Jia Hanxue Zhao Lixiao Hao Lin-Hui Jia Rufu Jia Hong-Liang Zhang Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease Frontiers in Medicine caffeine chronic kidney disease cognitive performance the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cognitive impairment |
| title | Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_full | Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_fullStr | Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_short | Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_sort | caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease |
| topic | caffeine chronic kidney disease cognitive performance the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cognitive impairment |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.976244/full |
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