A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia
The sustainability of the water supply program in developing countries is influenced by many inter-linked and dynamic factors, suggesting the need to analyse the system behaviour of the water supply program. However, no study analyses factors influencing the sustainability of rural drinking water su...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/4/507 |
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| author | D. Daniel Julivius Prawira Trimo Pamudji Al Djono S. Subandriyo Arya Rezagama Aries Purwanto |
| author_facet | D. Daniel Julivius Prawira Trimo Pamudji Al Djono S. Subandriyo Arya Rezagama Aries Purwanto |
| author_sort | D. Daniel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The sustainability of the water supply program in developing countries is influenced by many inter-linked and dynamic factors, suggesting the need to analyse the system behaviour of the water supply program. However, no study analyses factors influencing the sustainability of rural drinking water supply programs holistically, and this study aims to fill that gap. This study utilized a system dynamics approach based on a case study of a community-based rural drinking water supply program (PAMSIMAS in Bahasa) in Magelang Regency, Indonesia. Five sustainability aspects were considered in the model development and simulation: financial, institutional, environmental, technical, and social aspects. Eight scenario analyses related to those five aspects were conducted. The causal loop diagrams suggest that the overall loop in the system is reinforcing, meaning that the improvement in one aspect will improve the overall condition of the system and deterioration in one aspect will reduce the overall condition of the system. Scenario analysis shows that external fund is critical to support the program financially, especially at the beginning of the project when the piped system is being built and water revenue is still low. Scenario and sensitivity analyses revealed that human factors, i.e., the performance of the water board and response and support from the community, positively influence the sustainability of the water supply program. Additionally, the water board plays a key role in accelerating the pipe network growth. Finally, this paper argues that visualising and simulating the causal relationship and dynamic behaviour of the rural water supply program are critical for water stakeholders to better design and implement the water supply program. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:50:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f0bde7f0f594f4f95fa7cbe84a2a63f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:50:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f0bde7f0f594f4f95fa7cbe84a2a63f2023-12-11T17:12:24ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-02-0113450710.3390/w13040507A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in IndonesiaD. Daniel0Julivius Prawira1Trimo Pamudji Al Djono2S. Subandriyo3Arya Rezagama4Aries Purwanto5Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Engineering and Policy Analysis, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BX Delft, The NetherlandsDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Sapta Taruna, Jakarta 13340, IndonesiaThe Community-Based Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Program (PAMSIMAS), Magelang Regency, Mungkid 56511, IndonesiaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, IndonesiaDepartment of Land and Water Management, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, 2611 AX Delft, The NetherlandsThe sustainability of the water supply program in developing countries is influenced by many inter-linked and dynamic factors, suggesting the need to analyse the system behaviour of the water supply program. However, no study analyses factors influencing the sustainability of rural drinking water supply programs holistically, and this study aims to fill that gap. This study utilized a system dynamics approach based on a case study of a community-based rural drinking water supply program (PAMSIMAS in Bahasa) in Magelang Regency, Indonesia. Five sustainability aspects were considered in the model development and simulation: financial, institutional, environmental, technical, and social aspects. Eight scenario analyses related to those five aspects were conducted. The causal loop diagrams suggest that the overall loop in the system is reinforcing, meaning that the improvement in one aspect will improve the overall condition of the system and deterioration in one aspect will reduce the overall condition of the system. Scenario analysis shows that external fund is critical to support the program financially, especially at the beginning of the project when the piped system is being built and water revenue is still low. Scenario and sensitivity analyses revealed that human factors, i.e., the performance of the water board and response and support from the community, positively influence the sustainability of the water supply program. Additionally, the water board plays a key role in accelerating the pipe network growth. Finally, this paper argues that visualising and simulating the causal relationship and dynamic behaviour of the rural water supply program are critical for water stakeholders to better design and implement the water supply program.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/4/507rural drinking water supplysystem dynamicsIndonesiaPAMSIMASsustainability |
| spellingShingle | D. Daniel Julivius Prawira Trimo Pamudji Al Djono S. Subandriyo Arya Rezagama Aries Purwanto A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia Water rural drinking water supply system dynamics Indonesia PAMSIMAS sustainability |
| title | A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia |
| title_full | A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia |
| title_short | A System Dynamics Model of the Community-Based Rural Drinking Water Supply Program (PAMSIMAS) in Indonesia |
| title_sort | system dynamics model of the community based rural drinking water supply program pamsimas in indonesia |
| topic | rural drinking water supply system dynamics Indonesia PAMSIMAS sustainability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/4/507 |
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