Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting
Natural fibres are renewable, inexpensive and biodegradable sources of sustainable materials from plants or animals. Bast fibres, as the notable natural fibres, are gathered from the outer cell layers of the stem of plant. Mature and young bast fibres from two species of Sesamum, namely Sesamum indi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000536 |
| _version_ | 1827980690221694976 |
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| author | Ancy S Watson Suhara Beevy S |
| author_facet | Ancy S Watson Suhara Beevy S |
| author_sort | Ancy S Watson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural fibres are renewable, inexpensive and biodegradable sources of sustainable materials from plants or animals. Bast fibres, as the notable natural fibres, are gathered from the outer cell layers of the stem of plant. Mature and young bast fibres from two species of Sesamum, namely Sesamum indicum L. and S. radiatum Schumach. & Thonn. were extracted through traditional water retting technique and analyzed for their physical, mechanical and chemical attributes. Anatomical studies revealed polygon shaped phloem (bast fibre) cells with small lumen were similar to jute, in terms of architecture, and bagasse, in terms of lumen size. Upon extraction and subsequent drying, the young stems of S. radiatum were found to yield more bast fibres by mass compared with the rest of the Sesamum samples, that was, 0.59 g (dry weight) of bast fibres from 100 g (fresh weight) of stem. According to stereo microscopic images, the mature S. radiatum fibres had rougher edges than the rest. Both S. indicum and S. radiatum fibre surfaces also seemed to have pores, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The porosity appeared to get more pronounced as the plants got older. The Sesamum bast fibres were also found to be extremely hydrophilic with a high-water retention value. The fibres obtained from S. radiatum were determined to be suitable for the textile industry due to their light colour, ideal diameter and length, and water-holding capacity that matched the requirements of fabric manufacturing. Even in the absence of a mordant, the mature fibres showed a significant degree and evenness of Alizarin dye attachment, which might be correlated to the increase in fibre surface roughness with fibre maturity. These fibres were also discovered to be comparable with jute in terms of phloem cell shape (polygonal), diameter (13–15 m), tenacity (12.86–32.54 gf/(g·km–1)), and linear density (2.5–3.3 g/km). It suggested that they might find industrial applications if further research were to be done. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:57:20Z |
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| id | doaj.art-5f18c15ee1cb4b9eaf523df3c092ea35 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2369-9698 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:57:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f18c15ee1cb4b9eaf523df3c092ea352023-03-24T04:22:47ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2369-96982022-11-0174306319Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospectingAncy S Watson0Suhara Beevy S1Correspondence to: Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Trivandrum 695034, Kerala, India.; Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, IndiaCorresponding authors.; Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695581, Kerala, IndiaNatural fibres are renewable, inexpensive and biodegradable sources of sustainable materials from plants or animals. Bast fibres, as the notable natural fibres, are gathered from the outer cell layers of the stem of plant. Mature and young bast fibres from two species of Sesamum, namely Sesamum indicum L. and S. radiatum Schumach. & Thonn. were extracted through traditional water retting technique and analyzed for their physical, mechanical and chemical attributes. Anatomical studies revealed polygon shaped phloem (bast fibre) cells with small lumen were similar to jute, in terms of architecture, and bagasse, in terms of lumen size. Upon extraction and subsequent drying, the young stems of S. radiatum were found to yield more bast fibres by mass compared with the rest of the Sesamum samples, that was, 0.59 g (dry weight) of bast fibres from 100 g (fresh weight) of stem. According to stereo microscopic images, the mature S. radiatum fibres had rougher edges than the rest. Both S. indicum and S. radiatum fibre surfaces also seemed to have pores, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The porosity appeared to get more pronounced as the plants got older. The Sesamum bast fibres were also found to be extremely hydrophilic with a high-water retention value. The fibres obtained from S. radiatum were determined to be suitable for the textile industry due to their light colour, ideal diameter and length, and water-holding capacity that matched the requirements of fabric manufacturing. Even in the absence of a mordant, the mature fibres showed a significant degree and evenness of Alizarin dye attachment, which might be correlated to the increase in fibre surface roughness with fibre maturity. These fibres were also discovered to be comparable with jute in terms of phloem cell shape (polygonal), diameter (13–15 m), tenacity (12.86–32.54 gf/(g·km–1)), and linear density (2.5–3.3 g/km). It suggested that they might find industrial applications if further research were to be done.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000536SesamumBast fibreTextileTensile strengthDyeingSustainability |
| spellingShingle | Ancy S Watson Suhara Beevy S Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts Sesamum Bast fibre Textile Tensile strength Dyeing Sustainability |
| title | Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| title_full | Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| title_fullStr | Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| title_short | Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| title_sort | physico mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of sesamum indicum and sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting |
| topic | Sesamum Bast fibre Textile Tensile strength Dyeing Sustainability |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000536 |
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