New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome resulting from various cardiovascular diseases of different aetiologies and pathophysiology. These varying pathologies involve several complex mechanisms that lead to the activation of the neurohumoral system, inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, fibrosis, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/10/335 |
| _version_ | 1827649736547500032 |
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| author | Marheb Badianyama Dineo Mpanya Umar Adamu Farai Sigauke Samantha Nel Nqoba Tsabedze |
| author_facet | Marheb Badianyama Dineo Mpanya Umar Adamu Farai Sigauke Samantha Nel Nqoba Tsabedze |
| author_sort | Marheb Badianyama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heart failure is a clinical syndrome resulting from various cardiovascular diseases of different aetiologies and pathophysiology. These varying pathologies involve several complex mechanisms that lead to the activation of the neurohumoral system, inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, fibrosis, and eventually adverse cardiac remodelling associated with a progressive decline in cardiac function. Once a diagnosis is made, the cardiac function has a gradual decline characterised by multiple hospital admissions. It is therefore imperative to identify patients at different stages of the heart failure continuum to better risk stratify and initiate optimal management strategies. Biomarkers may play a role in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring response to treatment. This review discusses the epidemiology of heart failure and biomarkers commonly used in clinical practice such as natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins. In addition, we provide a brief overview of novel biomarkers and genetic coding and non-coding biomarkers used in the management of patients with heart failure. We also discuss barriers that hinder the clinical application of novel biomarkers. Finally, we appraise the value of polygenic risk scoring, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:02:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f20b829787d46d49ad4dc49d6aba7f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:02:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f20b829787d46d49ad4dc49d6aba7f12023-11-24T00:38:53ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252022-10-0191033510.3390/jcdd9100335New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African PerspectiveMarheb Badianyama0Dineo Mpanya1Umar Adamu2Farai Sigauke3Samantha Nel4Nqoba Tsabedze5Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South AfricaHeart failure is a clinical syndrome resulting from various cardiovascular diseases of different aetiologies and pathophysiology. These varying pathologies involve several complex mechanisms that lead to the activation of the neurohumoral system, inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, fibrosis, and eventually adverse cardiac remodelling associated with a progressive decline in cardiac function. Once a diagnosis is made, the cardiac function has a gradual decline characterised by multiple hospital admissions. It is therefore imperative to identify patients at different stages of the heart failure continuum to better risk stratify and initiate optimal management strategies. Biomarkers may play a role in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring response to treatment. This review discusses the epidemiology of heart failure and biomarkers commonly used in clinical practice such as natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins. In addition, we provide a brief overview of novel biomarkers and genetic coding and non-coding biomarkers used in the management of patients with heart failure. We also discuss barriers that hinder the clinical application of novel biomarkers. Finally, we appraise the value of polygenic risk scoring, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/10/335heart failurebiomarkerprotein biomarkernatriuretic peptidescardiac troponinprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Marheb Badianyama Dineo Mpanya Umar Adamu Farai Sigauke Samantha Nel Nqoba Tsabedze New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease heart failure biomarker protein biomarker natriuretic peptides cardiac troponin prognosis |
| title | New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective |
| title_full | New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective |
| title_fullStr | New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective |
| title_short | New Biomarkers and Their Potential Role in Heart Failure Treatment Optimisation—An African Perspective |
| title_sort | new biomarkers and their potential role in heart failure treatment optimisation an african perspective |
| topic | heart failure biomarker protein biomarker natriuretic peptides cardiac troponin prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/10/335 |
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