In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.
The multiple W/O/W emulsion supplemented with the extracts of <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. was prepared in the study, its active compounds were determined by HPLC and its safety was evaluated in vitro b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/732 |
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| author | Ugne Zlabiene Juste Baranauskaite Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Jurga Bernatoniene |
| author_facet | Ugne Zlabiene Juste Baranauskaite Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Jurga Bernatoniene |
| author_sort | Ugne Zlabiene |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The multiple W/O/W emulsion supplemented with the extracts of <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. was prepared in the study, its active compounds were determined by HPLC and its safety was evaluated in vitro by the means of reconstituted human skin model EpiDerm™ for the assessment of its irritation, phototoxicity and early skin inflammation effects and by the 48 h human skin patch test for its skin irritation and allergenic potential. The microbiological challenge test of W/O/W emulsion was performed to ensure its preservation efficiency. The results showed that the W/O/W emulsion loaded with self-preserving plant-based bio-actives had no irritant potential, was not phototoxic and did not provoke skin inflammation or sensitization and thus could be used as a safe base for cosmetic products. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients of natural or organic origin could be easily performed using reconstructed human skin model EpiDerm™ similar to the well-defined chemicals used in the cosmetics industry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:21:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f224a4139734260a0fa6286179bb044 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:21:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f224a4139734260a0fa6286179bb0442023-11-21T19:56:14ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-05-0113573210.3390/pharmaceutics13050732In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.Ugne Zlabiene0Juste Baranauskaite1Dalia M. Kopustinskiene2Jurga Bernatoniene3Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaInstitute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, LithuaniaThe multiple W/O/W emulsion supplemented with the extracts of <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. was prepared in the study, its active compounds were determined by HPLC and its safety was evaluated in vitro by the means of reconstituted human skin model EpiDerm™ for the assessment of its irritation, phototoxicity and early skin inflammation effects and by the 48 h human skin patch test for its skin irritation and allergenic potential. The microbiological challenge test of W/O/W emulsion was performed to ensure its preservation efficiency. The results showed that the W/O/W emulsion loaded with self-preserving plant-based bio-actives had no irritant potential, was not phototoxic and did not provoke skin inflammation or sensitization and thus could be used as a safe base for cosmetic products. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients of natural or organic origin could be easily performed using reconstructed human skin model EpiDerm™ similar to the well-defined chemicals used in the cosmetics industry.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/732multiple emulsionmicrobiological challenge testEpiDerm™patch testskin irritationphototoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Ugne Zlabiene Juste Baranauskaite Dalia M. Kopustinskiene Jurga Bernatoniene In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. Pharmaceutics multiple emulsion microbiological challenge test EpiDerm™ patch test skin irritation phototoxicity |
| title | In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. |
| title_full | In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. |
| title_short | In Vitro and Clinical Safety Assessment of the Multiple W/O/W Emulsion Based on the Active Ingredients from <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> L., <i>Avena sativa</i> L. and <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. |
| title_sort | in vitro and clinical safety assessment of the multiple w o w emulsion based on the active ingredients from i rosmarinus officinalis i l i avena sativa i l and i linum usitatissimum i l |
| topic | multiple emulsion microbiological challenge test EpiDerm™ patch test skin irritation phototoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/5/732 |
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