Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a severe healthcare problem worldwide since the first outbreak in late December 2019. Currently, the COVID-19 vaccine has been used in many countries, but it is still unable to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronav...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/86 |
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| author | Sitthichai Kanokudom Suvichada Assawakosri Nungruthai Suntronwong Chompoonut Auphimai Pornjarim Nilyanimit Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana Thanunrat Thongmee Ritthideach Yorsaeng Donchida Srimuan Thaksaporn Thatsanatorn Sirapa Klinfueng Natthinee Sudhinaraset Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sittisak Honsawek Yong Poovorawan |
| author_facet | Sitthichai Kanokudom Suvichada Assawakosri Nungruthai Suntronwong Chompoonut Auphimai Pornjarim Nilyanimit Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana Thanunrat Thongmee Ritthideach Yorsaeng Donchida Srimuan Thaksaporn Thatsanatorn Sirapa Klinfueng Natthinee Sudhinaraset Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sittisak Honsawek Yong Poovorawan |
| author_sort | Sitthichai Kanokudom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a severe healthcare problem worldwide since the first outbreak in late December 2019. Currently, the COVID-19 vaccine has been used in many countries, but it is still unable to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, despite patients receiving full vaccination doses. Therefore, we aimed to appraise the booster effect of the different platforms of vaccines, including inactivated vaccine (BBIBP), viral vector vaccine (AZD122), and mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), in healthy adults who received the full dose of inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac). The booster dose was safe with no serious adverse events. Moreover, the immunogenicity indicated that the booster dose with viral vector and mRNA vaccine achieved a significant proportion of Ig anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), IgG anti-RBD, and IgA anti-S1 booster response. In contrast, inactivated vaccine achieved a lower booster response than others. Consequently, the neutralization activity of vaccinated serum had a high inhibition of over 90% against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and their variants (B.1.1.7–alpha, B.1.351–beta, and B.1.617.2–delta). In addition, IgG anti-nucleocapsid was observed only among the group that received the BBIBP booster. Our study found a significant increase in levels of IFN-ɣ secreting T-cell response after the additional viral vector or mRNA booster vaccination. This study showed that administration with either viral vector (AZD1222) or mRNA (BNT162b2) boosters in individuals with a history of two doses of inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) obtained great immunogenicity with acceptable adverse events. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:22:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f25e05b5faa4986853859affa74c414 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:22:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f25e05b5faa4986853859affa74c4142023-11-23T15:39:11ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-01-011018610.3390/vaccines10010086Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated VaccineSitthichai Kanokudom0Suvichada Assawakosri1Nungruthai Suntronwong2Chompoonut Auphimai3Pornjarim Nilyanimit4Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana5Thanunrat Thongmee6Ritthideach Yorsaeng7Donchida Srimuan8Thaksaporn Thatsanatorn9Sirapa Klinfueng10Natthinee Sudhinaraset11Nasamon Wanlapakorn12Sittisak Honsawek13Yong Poovorawan14Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandOsteoarthritis and Musculoskeleton Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, ThailandCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, ThailandThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a severe healthcare problem worldwide since the first outbreak in late December 2019. Currently, the COVID-19 vaccine has been used in many countries, but it is still unable to control the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, despite patients receiving full vaccination doses. Therefore, we aimed to appraise the booster effect of the different platforms of vaccines, including inactivated vaccine (BBIBP), viral vector vaccine (AZD122), and mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2), in healthy adults who received the full dose of inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac). The booster dose was safe with no serious adverse events. Moreover, the immunogenicity indicated that the booster dose with viral vector and mRNA vaccine achieved a significant proportion of Ig anti-receptor binding domain (RBD), IgG anti-RBD, and IgA anti-S1 booster response. In contrast, inactivated vaccine achieved a lower booster response than others. Consequently, the neutralization activity of vaccinated serum had a high inhibition of over 90% against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and their variants (B.1.1.7–alpha, B.1.351–beta, and B.1.617.2–delta). In addition, IgG anti-nucleocapsid was observed only among the group that received the BBIBP booster. Our study found a significant increase in levels of IFN-ɣ secreting T-cell response after the additional viral vector or mRNA booster vaccination. This study showed that administration with either viral vector (AZD1222) or mRNA (BNT162b2) boosters in individuals with a history of two doses of inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) obtained great immunogenicity with acceptable adverse events.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/86severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)boosterthird doseinactivated vaccineviral vector vaccinemRNA vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Sitthichai Kanokudom Suvichada Assawakosri Nungruthai Suntronwong Chompoonut Auphimai Pornjarim Nilyanimit Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana Thanunrat Thongmee Ritthideach Yorsaeng Donchida Srimuan Thaksaporn Thatsanatorn Sirapa Klinfueng Natthinee Sudhinaraset Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sittisak Honsawek Yong Poovorawan Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine Vaccines severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) booster third dose inactivated vaccine viral vector vaccine mRNA vaccine |
| title | Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine |
| title_full | Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine |
| title_fullStr | Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine |
| title_short | Safety and Immunogenicity of the Third Booster Dose with Inactivated, Viral Vector, and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines in Fully Immunized Healthy Adults with Inactivated Vaccine |
| title_sort | safety and immunogenicity of the third booster dose with inactivated viral vector and mrna covid 19 vaccines in fully immunized healthy adults with inactivated vaccine |
| topic | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) booster third dose inactivated vaccine viral vector vaccine mRNA vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/1/86 |
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