<em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>
<i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> are known to synergistically interact with each other in the oral cavity. For example, glucosyltransferase B (GtfB), secreted by <i>S. mutans</i>, can bind to the <i>C. albicans</i> cell surface,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1391 |
| _version_ | 1797593444568268800 |
|---|---|
| author | Loyse Martorano-Fernandes James S. Goodwine Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho Clarissa J. Nobile Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury |
| author_facet | Loyse Martorano-Fernandes James S. Goodwine Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho Clarissa J. Nobile Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury |
| author_sort | Loyse Martorano-Fernandes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> are known to synergistically interact with each other in the oral cavity. For example, glucosyltransferase B (GtfB), secreted by <i>S. mutans</i>, can bind to the <i>C. albicans</i> cell surface, promoting dual-species biofilm formation. However, the fungal factors mediating interactions with <i>S. mutans</i> are unknown. The <i>C. albicans</i> adhesins Als1, Als3, and Hwp1 are key players in <i>C. albicans</i> single-species biofilm formation, but their roles, if any, in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i> have not been assessed. Here, we investigated the roles of the <i>C. albicans</i> cell wall adhesins Als1, Als3, and Hwp1 on forming dual-species biofilms with <i>S. mutans</i>. We assessed the abilities of the <i>C. albicans</i> wild-type <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ, <i>als3</i>Δ/Δ, <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ/<i>als3</i>Δ/Δ, and <i>hwp1</i>Δ/Δ strains to form dual-species biofilms with <i>S. mutans</i> by measuring optical density, metabolic activity, cell enumeration, biomass, thickness, and architecture of the biofilms. We observed that the <i>C. albicans</i> wild-type strain formed enhanced dual-species biofilms in the presence of <i>S. mutans</i> in these different biofilm assays, confirming that <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>S. mutans</i> synergistically interact in the context of biofilms. Our results reveal that <i>C. albicans</i> Als1 and Hwp1 are major players in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i>, since dual-species biofilm formation was not enhanced when the <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ or <i>hwp1</i>Δ/Δ strains were cultured with <i>S. mutans</i> in dual-species biofilms. Als3, however, does not seem to play a clear role in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i> in dual-species biofilm formation. Overall, our data suggest that the <i>C. albicans</i> adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 function to modulate interactions with <i>S. mutans</i> and could be potential targets for future therapeutics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:08:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f2a9fb9f9d14ceab29e242d63a271bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:08:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f2a9fb9f9d14ceab29e242d63a271bc2023-11-18T11:41:15ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-05-01116139110.3390/microorganisms11061391<em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>Loyse Martorano-Fernandes0James S. Goodwine1Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho2Clarissa J. Nobile3Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury4Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USADepartment of Physiological Science, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, BrazilDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USADepartment of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13414-903, SP, Brazil<i>Candida albicans</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> are known to synergistically interact with each other in the oral cavity. For example, glucosyltransferase B (GtfB), secreted by <i>S. mutans</i>, can bind to the <i>C. albicans</i> cell surface, promoting dual-species biofilm formation. However, the fungal factors mediating interactions with <i>S. mutans</i> are unknown. The <i>C. albicans</i> adhesins Als1, Als3, and Hwp1 are key players in <i>C. albicans</i> single-species biofilm formation, but their roles, if any, in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i> have not been assessed. Here, we investigated the roles of the <i>C. albicans</i> cell wall adhesins Als1, Als3, and Hwp1 on forming dual-species biofilms with <i>S. mutans</i>. We assessed the abilities of the <i>C. albicans</i> wild-type <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ, <i>als3</i>Δ/Δ, <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ/<i>als3</i>Δ/Δ, and <i>hwp1</i>Δ/Δ strains to form dual-species biofilms with <i>S. mutans</i> by measuring optical density, metabolic activity, cell enumeration, biomass, thickness, and architecture of the biofilms. We observed that the <i>C. albicans</i> wild-type strain formed enhanced dual-species biofilms in the presence of <i>S. mutans</i> in these different biofilm assays, confirming that <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>S. mutans</i> synergistically interact in the context of biofilms. Our results reveal that <i>C. albicans</i> Als1 and Hwp1 are major players in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i>, since dual-species biofilm formation was not enhanced when the <i>als1</i>Δ/Δ or <i>hwp1</i>Δ/Δ strains were cultured with <i>S. mutans</i> in dual-species biofilms. Als3, however, does not seem to play a clear role in interacting with <i>S. mutans</i> in dual-species biofilm formation. Overall, our data suggest that the <i>C. albicans</i> adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 function to modulate interactions with <i>S. mutans</i> and could be potential targets for future therapeutics.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1391<i>Candida albicans</i><i>Streptococcus mutans</i>biofilmspolymicrobial biofilmsdual-species biofilmsoral cavity |
| spellingShingle | Loyse Martorano-Fernandes James S. Goodwine Antônio Pedro Ricomini-Filho Clarissa J. Nobile Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> Microorganisms <i>Candida albicans</i> <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> biofilms polymicrobial biofilms dual-species biofilms oral cavity |
| title | <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> |
| title_full | <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> |
| title_fullStr | <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> |
| title_full_unstemmed | <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> |
| title_short | <em>Candida albicans</em> Adhesins Als1 and Hwp1 Modulate Interactions with <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> |
| title_sort | em candida albicans em adhesins als1 and hwp1 modulate interactions with em streptococcus mutans em |
| topic | <i>Candida albicans</i> <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> biofilms polymicrobial biofilms dual-species biofilms oral cavity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1391 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT loysemartoranofernandes emcandidaalbicansemadhesinsals1andhwp1modulateinteractionswithemstreptococcusmutansem AT jamessgoodwine emcandidaalbicansemadhesinsals1andhwp1modulateinteractionswithemstreptococcusmutansem AT antoniopedroricominifilho emcandidaalbicansemadhesinsals1andhwp1modulateinteractionswithemstreptococcusmutansem AT clarissajnobile emcandidaalbicansemadhesinsals1andhwp1modulateinteractionswithemstreptococcusmutansem AT altairantoninhadelbelcury emcandidaalbicansemadhesinsals1andhwp1modulateinteractionswithemstreptococcusmutansem |