The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub>
Blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) is an essential indicator of a patient’s general condition. However, conventional measurement methods have some issues such as time delay and interference by ambient light. Improved measurement methods must be developed, and there are no reports...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/435 |
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| author | Yuki Kashima Minako Onimaru Ryosuke Isogai Noboru Kawai Yoshifumi Yoshida Koutaro Maki |
| author_facet | Yuki Kashima Minako Onimaru Ryosuke Isogai Noboru Kawai Yoshifumi Yoshida Koutaro Maki |
| author_sort | Yuki Kashima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) is an essential indicator of a patient’s general condition. However, conventional measurement methods have some issues such as time delay and interference by ambient light. Improved measurement methods must be developed, and there are no reports on intraoral measurements of SpO<sub>2</sub> using wearable devices. Therefore, we aimed to establish an intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> measurement method for the first time. Twelve healthy adults participated in this study. The following steps were taken: (1) to identify the optimal measurement location, mid-perfusion index (PI) values were measured at six places on the mucosa of the maxilla, (2) to validate the optimal measurement pressure, PI values were obtained at different pressures, and (3) using the proposed mouthpiece device, SpO<sub>2</sub> values in the oral cavity and on the finger were analyzed during breath-holding. The highest PI values were observed in the palatal gingiva of the maxillary canine teeth, with high PI values at pressures ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 N. In addition, changes in SpO<sub>2</sub> were detected approximately 7 s faster in the oral cavity than those on the finger, which is attributed to their proximity to the heart. This study demonstrates the advantage of the oral cavity for acquiring biological information using a novel device. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f3d79019471464ca5d582bcf08db5d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:47:20Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f3d79019471464ca5d582bcf08db5d22024-01-29T14:14:41ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-01-0124243510.3390/s24020435The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub>Yuki Kashima0Minako Onimaru1Ryosuke Isogai2Noboru Kawai3Yoshifumi Yoshida4Koutaro Maki5Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, JapanDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, JapanResearch and Development Department, Seiko Future Creation Inc., 563, Takatsuka Shinden, Chiba 270-2222, JapanResearch and Development Department, Seiko Future Creation Inc., 563, Takatsuka Shinden, Chiba 270-2222, JapanResearch and Development Department, Seiko Future Creation Inc., 563, Takatsuka Shinden, Chiba 270-2222, JapanDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, JapanBlood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) is an essential indicator of a patient’s general condition. However, conventional measurement methods have some issues such as time delay and interference by ambient light. Improved measurement methods must be developed, and there are no reports on intraoral measurements of SpO<sub>2</sub> using wearable devices. Therefore, we aimed to establish an intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> measurement method for the first time. Twelve healthy adults participated in this study. The following steps were taken: (1) to identify the optimal measurement location, mid-perfusion index (PI) values were measured at six places on the mucosa of the maxilla, (2) to validate the optimal measurement pressure, PI values were obtained at different pressures, and (3) using the proposed mouthpiece device, SpO<sub>2</sub> values in the oral cavity and on the finger were analyzed during breath-holding. The highest PI values were observed in the palatal gingiva of the maxillary canine teeth, with high PI values at pressures ranging from 0.3 to 0.8 N. In addition, changes in SpO<sub>2</sub> were detected approximately 7 s faster in the oral cavity than those on the finger, which is attributed to their proximity to the heart. This study demonstrates the advantage of the oral cavity for acquiring biological information using a novel device.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/435pulse oximetrymouthpiecepulse rateoxygen saturation monitoringwearable monitoring systemSpO<sub>2</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Yuki Kashima Minako Onimaru Ryosuke Isogai Noboru Kawai Yoshifumi Yoshida Koutaro Maki The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> Sensors pulse oximetry mouthpiece pulse rate oxygen saturation monitoring wearable monitoring system SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title | The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full | The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_fullStr | The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_short | The Development of a Measuring System for Intraoral SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| title_sort | development of a measuring system for intraoral spo sub 2 sub |
| topic | pulse oximetry mouthpiece pulse rate oxygen saturation monitoring wearable monitoring system SpO<sub>2</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/2/435 |
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