Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis
Context: Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) commonly known as Tongkat Ali is one of the most important plants in Malaysia. The plant extracts (particularly roots) are widely used for the treatment of cough and fever besides having antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer and aphrodisiac activiti...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutical Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2018.1479869 |
| _version_ | 1819211472100655104 |
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| author | Bashir Mohammed Abubakar Faezah Mohd Salleh Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar Alina Wagiran |
| author_facet | Bashir Mohammed Abubakar Faezah Mohd Salleh Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar Alina Wagiran |
| author_sort | Bashir Mohammed Abubakar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Context: Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) commonly known as Tongkat Ali is one of the most important plants in Malaysia. The plant extracts (particularly roots) are widely used for the treatment of cough and fever besides having antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer and aphrodisiac activities. Objectives: This study assesses the extent of adulteration of E. longifolia herbal medicinal products (HMPs) using DNA barcoding validated by HPLC analysis. Materials and methods: Chloroplastic rbcL and nuclear ITS2 barcode regions were used in the present study. The sequences generated from E. longifolia HMPs were compared to sequences in the GenBank using MEGABLAST to verify their taxonomic identity. These results were verified by neighbor-joining tree analysis in which branches of unknown specimen are compared to the reference sequences established from this study and other retrieved from the GenBank. The HMPs were also analysed using HPLC analysis for the presence of eurycomanone bioactive marker. Results: Identification using DNA barcoding revealed that 37% of the tested HMPs were authentic while 27% were adulterated with the ITS2 barcode region proven to be the ideal marker. The validation of the authenticity using HPLC analysis showed a situation in which a species which was identified as authentic was found not to contain the expected chemical compound. Discussion and conclusions: DNA barcoding should be used as the first screening step for testing of HMPs raw materials. However, integration of DNA barcoding with HPLC analysis will help to provide detailed knowledge about the safety and efficacy of the HMPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:27:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f43df58cc574d119c9cac88440c9355 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1388-0209 1744-5116 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:27:37Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutical Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f43df58cc574d119c9cac88440c93552022-12-21T17:57:00ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPharmaceutical Biology1388-02091744-51162018-01-0156136837710.1080/13880209.2018.14798691479869Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysisBashir Mohammed Abubakar0Faezah Mohd Salleh1Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar2Alina Wagiran3UTM SkudaiUTM SkudaiUTM SkudaiUTM SkudaiContext: Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Simaroubaceae) commonly known as Tongkat Ali is one of the most important plants in Malaysia. The plant extracts (particularly roots) are widely used for the treatment of cough and fever besides having antimalarial, antidiabetic, anticancer and aphrodisiac activities. Objectives: This study assesses the extent of adulteration of E. longifolia herbal medicinal products (HMPs) using DNA barcoding validated by HPLC analysis. Materials and methods: Chloroplastic rbcL and nuclear ITS2 barcode regions were used in the present study. The sequences generated from E. longifolia HMPs were compared to sequences in the GenBank using MEGABLAST to verify their taxonomic identity. These results were verified by neighbor-joining tree analysis in which branches of unknown specimen are compared to the reference sequences established from this study and other retrieved from the GenBank. The HMPs were also analysed using HPLC analysis for the presence of eurycomanone bioactive marker. Results: Identification using DNA barcoding revealed that 37% of the tested HMPs were authentic while 27% were adulterated with the ITS2 barcode region proven to be the ideal marker. The validation of the authenticity using HPLC analysis showed a situation in which a species which was identified as authentic was found not to contain the expected chemical compound. Discussion and conclusions: DNA barcoding should be used as the first screening step for testing of HMPs raw materials. However, integration of DNA barcoding with HPLC analysis will help to provide detailed knowledge about the safety and efficacy of the HMPs.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2018.1479869chloroplastic rbclits2 barcode regionmegablast |
| spellingShingle | Bashir Mohammed Abubakar Faezah Mohd Salleh Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar Alina Wagiran Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis Pharmaceutical Biology chloroplastic rbcl its2 barcode region megablast |
| title | Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis |
| title_full | Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis |
| title_fullStr | Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis |
| title_short | Assessing product adulteration of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) herbal medicinal product using DNA barcoding and HPLC analysis |
| title_sort | assessing product adulteration of eurycoma longifolia tongkat ali herbal medicinal product using dna barcoding and hplc analysis |
| topic | chloroplastic rbcl its2 barcode region megablast |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2018.1479869 |
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