The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment
As a disease with the highest disease-associated burden worldwide, cancer has been the main subject of a considerable proportion of medical research in recent years, intending to find more effective therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects. Combining conventional methods with newer biologicall...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.938063/full |
| _version_ | 1818002084704813056 |
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| author | Hamidreza Hassanian Hamidreza Hassanian Zahra Asadzadeh Amir Baghbanzadeh Afshin Derakhshani Afshin Derakhshani Antoine Dufour Antoine Dufour Nazanin Rostami Khosroshahi Souzan Najafi Oronzo Brunetti Nicola Silvestris Behzad Baradaran Behzad Baradaran |
| author_facet | Hamidreza Hassanian Hamidreza Hassanian Zahra Asadzadeh Amir Baghbanzadeh Afshin Derakhshani Afshin Derakhshani Antoine Dufour Antoine Dufour Nazanin Rostami Khosroshahi Souzan Najafi Oronzo Brunetti Nicola Silvestris Behzad Baradaran Behzad Baradaran |
| author_sort | Hamidreza Hassanian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As a disease with the highest disease-associated burden worldwide, cancer has been the main subject of a considerable proportion of medical research in recent years, intending to find more effective therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects. Combining conventional methods with newer biologically based treatments such as immunotherapy can be a promising approach to treating different tumors. The concept of “cancer immunoediting” that occurs in the field of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the aspect of cancer therapy that has not been at the center of attention. One group of the role players of the so-called immunoediting process are the immune checkpoint molecules that exert either co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory effects in the anti-tumor immunity of the host. It involves alterations in a wide variety of immunologic pathways. Recent studies have proven that conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of them, i.e., chemoradiotherapy, alter the “immune compartment” of the TME. The mentioned changes encompass a wide range of variations, including the changes in the density and immunologic type of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the alterations in the expression patterns of the different immune checkpoints. These rearrangements can have either anti-tumor immunity empowering or immune attenuating sequels. Thus, recognizing the consequences of various chemo(radio)therapeutic regimens in the TME seems to be of great significance in the evolution of therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present review intends to summarize how chemo(radio)therapy affects the TME and specifically some of the most important, well-known immune checkpoints’ expressions according to the recent studies in this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:41:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f45fed8a59c4b50a930a4022cf52a27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T03:41:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f45fed8a59c4b50a930a4022cf52a272022-12-22T02:14:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-07-011310.3389/fimmu.2022.938063938063The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironmentHamidreza Hassanian0Hamidreza Hassanian1Zahra Asadzadeh2Amir Baghbanzadeh3Afshin Derakhshani4Afshin Derakhshani5Antoine Dufour6Antoine Dufour7Nazanin Rostami Khosroshahi8Souzan Najafi9Oronzo Brunetti10Nicola Silvestris11Behzad Baradaran12Behzad Baradaran13Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaMcCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaMcCaig Insitute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaDepartments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranMedical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, ItalyMedical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi” University of Messina, Messina, ItalyImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranAs a disease with the highest disease-associated burden worldwide, cancer has been the main subject of a considerable proportion of medical research in recent years, intending to find more effective therapeutic approaches with fewer side effects. Combining conventional methods with newer biologically based treatments such as immunotherapy can be a promising approach to treating different tumors. The concept of “cancer immunoediting” that occurs in the field of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is the aspect of cancer therapy that has not been at the center of attention. One group of the role players of the so-called immunoediting process are the immune checkpoint molecules that exert either co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory effects in the anti-tumor immunity of the host. It involves alterations in a wide variety of immunologic pathways. Recent studies have proven that conventional cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of them, i.e., chemoradiotherapy, alter the “immune compartment” of the TME. The mentioned changes encompass a wide range of variations, including the changes in the density and immunologic type of the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the alterations in the expression patterns of the different immune checkpoints. These rearrangements can have either anti-tumor immunity empowering or immune attenuating sequels. Thus, recognizing the consequences of various chemo(radio)therapeutic regimens in the TME seems to be of great significance in the evolution of therapeutic approaches. Therefore, the present review intends to summarize how chemo(radio)therapy affects the TME and specifically some of the most important, well-known immune checkpoints’ expressions according to the recent studies in this field.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.938063/fullcancer therapytumor microenvironmentchemo(radio)therapyimmune checkpointscombination therapy |
| spellingShingle | Hamidreza Hassanian Hamidreza Hassanian Zahra Asadzadeh Amir Baghbanzadeh Afshin Derakhshani Afshin Derakhshani Antoine Dufour Antoine Dufour Nazanin Rostami Khosroshahi Souzan Najafi Oronzo Brunetti Nicola Silvestris Behzad Baradaran Behzad Baradaran The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment Frontiers in Immunology cancer therapy tumor microenvironment chemo(radio)therapy immune checkpoints combination therapy |
| title | The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| title_full | The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| title_fullStr | The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| title_short | The expression pattern of Immune checkpoints after chemo/radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| title_sort | expression pattern of immune checkpoints after chemo radiotherapy in the tumor microenvironment |
| topic | cancer therapy tumor microenvironment chemo(radio)therapy immune checkpoints combination therapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.938063/full |
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