Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels
BackgroundGlucose and lipid tolerance reportedly exhibit diurnal variations, being lower in the evening than in the morning. Therefore, the effects of exercise on glucose and blood lipid levels at different times of the day may differ. This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term endura...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.957239/full |
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| author | Hyeon-Ki Kim Hyeon-Ki Kim Shota Furuhashi Masaki Takahashi Hanako Chijiki Takuya Nanba Takayuki Inami Zsolt Radak Zsolt Radak Shizuo Sakamoto Shigenobu Shibata |
| author_facet | Hyeon-Ki Kim Hyeon-Ki Kim Shota Furuhashi Masaki Takahashi Hanako Chijiki Takuya Nanba Takayuki Inami Zsolt Radak Zsolt Radak Shizuo Sakamoto Shigenobu Shibata |
| author_sort | Hyeon-Ki Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundGlucose and lipid tolerance reportedly exhibit diurnal variations, being lower in the evening than in the morning. Therefore, the effects of exercise on glucose and blood lipid levels at different times of the day may differ. This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term endurance exercise intervention in the morning versus late afternoon on 24-h blood glucose variability and blood lipid levels.MethodsTwelve healthy young men participated in a randomized crossover trial. The participants were assigned to morning (09:00–11:00) or late afternoon (16:00–18:00) endurance exercise for a week, consisting of supervised exercise sessions on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. In the morning and evening trials, the participants walked for 60 min on a treadmill at approximately 60% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Following a 2-week wash-out period, the participants performed the exercise training regimen at another time point. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to evaluate blood glucose fluctuations during each 24-h trial period. Blood samples were collected before and after each intervention to examine blood lipid and hormonal responses.ResultsExamination of the area under the curve (AUC) of the glucose level changes for 24 h after the late afternoon versus morning exercise intervention revealed significantly lower values for the former versus the latter (P < 0.01). The AUC of glucose level changes after each meal was also lower after the late afternoon versus morning intervention, and significantly lower values were observed in the late afternoon versus morning trial for breakfast and dinner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In addition, a significant decrease in triglycerides (TG) and TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was noted after versus before the late afternoon intervention (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results suggest that late afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and triglyceride levels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:48:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f4c4469e41a4a44885ab44ee9f9d79e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:48:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f4c4469e41a4a44885ab44ee9f9d79e2022-12-22T03:01:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-07-011310.3389/fendo.2022.957239957239Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levelsHyeon-Ki Kim0Hyeon-Ki Kim1Shota Furuhashi2Masaki Takahashi3Hanako Chijiki4Takuya Nanba5Takayuki Inami6Zsolt Radak7Zsolt Radak8Shizuo Sakamoto9Shigenobu Shibata10Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanInstitute of Physical Education, Keio University, Yokohama, JapanGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanInstitute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanInstitute of Physical Education, Keio University, Yokohama, JapanFaculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, JapanResearch Center for Molecular Exercise Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, HungaryFaculty of Sport Sciences, Surugadai University, Saitama, JapanFaculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, JapanBackgroundGlucose and lipid tolerance reportedly exhibit diurnal variations, being lower in the evening than in the morning. Therefore, the effects of exercise on glucose and blood lipid levels at different times of the day may differ. This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term endurance exercise intervention in the morning versus late afternoon on 24-h blood glucose variability and blood lipid levels.MethodsTwelve healthy young men participated in a randomized crossover trial. The participants were assigned to morning (09:00–11:00) or late afternoon (16:00–18:00) endurance exercise for a week, consisting of supervised exercise sessions on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. In the morning and evening trials, the participants walked for 60 min on a treadmill at approximately 60% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Following a 2-week wash-out period, the participants performed the exercise training regimen at another time point. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to evaluate blood glucose fluctuations during each 24-h trial period. Blood samples were collected before and after each intervention to examine blood lipid and hormonal responses.ResultsExamination of the area under the curve (AUC) of the glucose level changes for 24 h after the late afternoon versus morning exercise intervention revealed significantly lower values for the former versus the latter (P < 0.01). The AUC of glucose level changes after each meal was also lower after the late afternoon versus morning intervention, and significantly lower values were observed in the late afternoon versus morning trial for breakfast and dinner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In addition, a significant decrease in triglycerides (TG) and TG/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was noted after versus before the late afternoon intervention (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThese results suggest that late afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and triglyceride levels.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.957239/fullchrono-exerciseexercise timingendurance exerciseglucose levelstriglycerides |
| spellingShingle | Hyeon-Ki Kim Hyeon-Ki Kim Shota Furuhashi Masaki Takahashi Hanako Chijiki Takuya Nanba Takayuki Inami Zsolt Radak Zsolt Radak Shizuo Sakamoto Shigenobu Shibata Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels Frontiers in Endocrinology chrono-exercise exercise timing endurance exercise glucose levels triglycerides |
| title | Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| title_full | Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| title_fullStr | Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| title_short | Late-afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24-h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| title_sort | late afternoon endurance exercise is more effective than morning endurance exercise at improving 24 h glucose and blood lipid levels |
| topic | chrono-exercise exercise timing endurance exercise glucose levels triglycerides |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.957239/full |
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