Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/NASH is a comorbidity of man...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Open Exploration Publishing Inc.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Exploration of Digestive Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/edd/Article/100529 |
| _version_ | 1797367891550535680 |
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| author | Chunye Zhang Yuxiang Sui Shuai Liu Ming Yang |
| author_facet | Chunye Zhang Yuxiang Sui Shuai Liu Ming Yang |
| author_sort | Chunye Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/NASH is a comorbidity of many metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These metabolic diseases are often accompanied by systemic or extrahepatic inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD or NASH. Metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, impact the function, inflammation, and death of hepatocytes, the primary parenchymal cells in the liver tissue. Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts, can differentiate into proliferative hepatocytes in chronic liver injury. In addition, hepatic non-parenchymal cells, including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and innate and adaptive immune cells, are involved in liver inflammation. Proteins such as fibroblast growth factors, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylases, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 are involved in liver metabolism and inflammation, which are potential targets for NASH treatment. This review focuses on the effects of metabolic disease-induced extrahepatic inflammation, liver inflammation, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver metabolism on the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH, as well as the associated treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:23:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f51748c7c05478a8f436f4261f3d75a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2833-6321 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:23:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Open Exploration Publishing Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Exploration of Digestive Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f51748c7c05478a8f436f4261f3d75a2024-01-03T01:14:23ZengOpen Exploration Publishing Inc.Exploration of Digestive Diseases2833-63212023-10-012524627510.37349/edd.2023.00029Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitisChunye Zhang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-029XYuxiang Sui1https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9305-9310Shuai Liu2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9695-2492Ming Yang3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-5864Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USASchool of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, Shanxi Province, ChinaThe First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang Province, ChinaDepartment of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USANon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide, with a progressive form of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It may progress to advanced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD/NASH is a comorbidity of many metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These metabolic diseases are often accompanied by systemic or extrahepatic inflammation, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD or NASH. Metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, impact the function, inflammation, and death of hepatocytes, the primary parenchymal cells in the liver tissue. Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells that line the bile ducts, can differentiate into proliferative hepatocytes in chronic liver injury. In addition, hepatic non-parenchymal cells, including liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and innate and adaptive immune cells, are involved in liver inflammation. Proteins such as fibroblast growth factors, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylases, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 are involved in liver metabolism and inflammation, which are potential targets for NASH treatment. This review focuses on the effects of metabolic disease-induced extrahepatic inflammation, liver inflammation, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver metabolism on the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH, as well as the associated treatments.https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/edd/Article/100529non-alcoholic fatty liver diseasenon-alcoholic steatohepatitismetabolitesinflammationhepatocyte deathmolecular targetsclinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Chunye Zhang Yuxiang Sui Shuai Liu Ming Yang Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Exploration of Digestive Diseases non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis metabolites inflammation hepatocyte death molecular targets clinical trials |
| title | Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| title_full | Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| title_fullStr | Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| title_short | Molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease-associated hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| title_sort | molecular mechanisms of metabolic disease associated hepatic inflammation in non alcoholic fatty liver disease and non alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis metabolites inflammation hepatocyte death molecular targets clinical trials |
| url | https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/edd/Article/100529 |
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