Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain.
Individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) move their spine differently. Changes in brain motor areas have been observed and suggested as a mechanism underlying spine movement alteration. Nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) might be used to test spinal networks involved in trunk protection and to...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286786 |
| _version_ | 1797801972455178240 |
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| author | Hugo Massé-Alarie Genevieve V Hamer Sauro E Salomoni Paul W Hodges |
| author_facet | Hugo Massé-Alarie Genevieve V Hamer Sauro E Salomoni Paul W Hodges |
| author_sort | Hugo Massé-Alarie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) move their spine differently. Changes in brain motor areas have been observed and suggested as a mechanism underlying spine movement alteration. Nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) might be used to test spinal networks involved in trunk protection and to highlight reorganization. This study aimed to determine whether the organization and excitability of the trunk NWR are modified in CLBP. We hypothesized that individuals with CLBP would have modified NWR patterns and lower NWR thresholds. Noxious electrical stimuli were delivered over S1, L3 and T12, and the 8th Rib to elicit NWR in 12 individuals with and 13 individuals without CLBP. EMG amplitude and occurrence of lumbar multifidus (LM), thoracic erector spinae, rectus abdominus, obliquus internus and obliquus externus motor responses were recorded using surface electrodes. Two different patterns of responses to noxious stimuli were identified in CLBP compared to controls: (i) abdominal muscle NWR responses were generally more frequent following 8th rib stimulation and (ii) occurrence of erector spinae NWR was less frequent. In addition, we observed a subgroup of participants with very high NWR threshold in conjunction with the larger abdominal muscle responses. These results suggest sensitization of NWR is not present in all individuals with CLBP, and a modified organization in the spinal networks controlling the trunk muscles that might explain some changes in spine motor control observed in CLBP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:59:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f5384b674444c4c812ec4567634f950 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:59:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f5384b674444c4c812ec4567634f9502023-06-17T05:31:39ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01186e028678610.1371/journal.pone.0286786Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain.Hugo Massé-AlarieGenevieve V HamerSauro E SalomoniPaul W HodgesIndividuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) move their spine differently. Changes in brain motor areas have been observed and suggested as a mechanism underlying spine movement alteration. Nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) might be used to test spinal networks involved in trunk protection and to highlight reorganization. This study aimed to determine whether the organization and excitability of the trunk NWR are modified in CLBP. We hypothesized that individuals with CLBP would have modified NWR patterns and lower NWR thresholds. Noxious electrical stimuli were delivered over S1, L3 and T12, and the 8th Rib to elicit NWR in 12 individuals with and 13 individuals without CLBP. EMG amplitude and occurrence of lumbar multifidus (LM), thoracic erector spinae, rectus abdominus, obliquus internus and obliquus externus motor responses were recorded using surface electrodes. Two different patterns of responses to noxious stimuli were identified in CLBP compared to controls: (i) abdominal muscle NWR responses were generally more frequent following 8th rib stimulation and (ii) occurrence of erector spinae NWR was less frequent. In addition, we observed a subgroup of participants with very high NWR threshold in conjunction with the larger abdominal muscle responses. These results suggest sensitization of NWR is not present in all individuals with CLBP, and a modified organization in the spinal networks controlling the trunk muscles that might explain some changes in spine motor control observed in CLBP.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286786 |
| spellingShingle | Hugo Massé-Alarie Genevieve V Hamer Sauro E Salomoni Paul W Hodges Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. PLoS ONE |
| title | Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. |
| title_full | Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. |
| title_fullStr | Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. |
| title_short | Nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain. |
| title_sort | nociceptive withdrawal reflexes of the trunk muscles in chronic low back pain |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286786 |
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