Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development
Different light qualities affect plant growth and physiological responses, including stomatal openings. However, most researchers have focused on stomatal responses to red and blue light only, and the direct measurement of evapotranspiration has not been examined. Therefore, we quantified the evapot...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/303 |
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| author | Sungeun Lim Jongyun Kim |
| author_facet | Sungeun Lim Jongyun Kim |
| author_sort | Sungeun Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Different light qualities affect plant growth and physiological responses, including stomatal openings. However, most researchers have focused on stomatal responses to red and blue light only, and the direct measurement of evapotranspiration has not been examined. Therefore, we quantified the evapotranspiration of sweet basil under various red (R), green (G), and blue (B) combinations using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and investigated its stomatal responses. Seedlings were subjected to five different spectral treatments for two weeks at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 200 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The ratios of the RGB light intensities were as follows: R 100% (R<sub>100</sub>), R:G = 75:25 (R<sub>75</sub>G<sub>25</sub>), R:B = 75:25 (R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>), R:G:B = 60:20:20 (R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>), and R:G:B = 31:42:27 (R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub>). During the experiment, the evapotranspiration of the plants was measured using load cells. Although there were no significant differences in growth parameters among the treatments, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were higher in plants grown under blue LEDs (R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>, R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>, and R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub>) than in the R<sub>100</sub> treatment. The amount of water used was different among the treatments (663.5, 726.5, 728.7, 778.0, and 782.1 mL for the R<sub>100</sub>, R<sub>75</sub>G<sub>25</sub>, R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>, R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>, and R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub> treatments, respectively). The stomatal density was correlated with the blue light intensity (<i>p</i> = 0.0024) and with the combined intensity of green and blue light (<i>p</i> = 0.0029); therefore, green light was considered to promote the stomatal development of plants together with blue light. Overall, different light qualities affected the water use of plants by regulating stomatal conductance, including changes in stomatal density. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:01:03Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:01:03Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5f5d93c7cc2a44d68b6d9f8cf753d66e2023-12-03T12:59:25ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-02-0111230310.3390/agronomy11020303Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal DevelopmentSungeun Lim0Jongyun Kim1Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDepartment of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaDifferent light qualities affect plant growth and physiological responses, including stomatal openings. However, most researchers have focused on stomatal responses to red and blue light only, and the direct measurement of evapotranspiration has not been examined. Therefore, we quantified the evapotranspiration of sweet basil under various red (R), green (G), and blue (B) combinations using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and investigated its stomatal responses. Seedlings were subjected to five different spectral treatments for two weeks at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 200 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The ratios of the RGB light intensities were as follows: R 100% (R<sub>100</sub>), R:G = 75:25 (R<sub>75</sub>G<sub>25</sub>), R:B = 75:25 (R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>), R:G:B = 60:20:20 (R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>), and R:G:B = 31:42:27 (R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub>). During the experiment, the evapotranspiration of the plants was measured using load cells. Although there were no significant differences in growth parameters among the treatments, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were higher in plants grown under blue LEDs (R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>, R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>, and R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub>) than in the R<sub>100</sub> treatment. The amount of water used was different among the treatments (663.5, 726.5, 728.7, 778.0, and 782.1 mL for the R<sub>100</sub>, R<sub>75</sub>G<sub>25</sub>, R<sub>60</sub>G<sub>20</sub>B<sub>20</sub>, R<sub>75</sub>B<sub>25</sub>, and R<sub>31</sub>G<sub>42</sub>B<sub>27</sub> treatments, respectively). The stomatal density was correlated with the blue light intensity (<i>p</i> = 0.0024) and with the combined intensity of green and blue light (<i>p</i> = 0.0029); therefore, green light was considered to promote the stomatal development of plants together with blue light. Overall, different light qualities affected the water use of plants by regulating stomatal conductance, including changes in stomatal density.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/303evapotranspirationstomatal densitygreen light<i>Ocimum basilicum</i>load cellcontrolled environment |
| spellingShingle | Sungeun Lim Jongyun Kim Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development Agronomy evapotranspiration stomatal density green light <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> load cell controlled environment |
| title | Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development |
| title_full | Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development |
| title_fullStr | Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development |
| title_short | Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development |
| title_sort | light quality affects water use of sweet basil by changing its stomatal development |
| topic | evapotranspiration stomatal density green light <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> load cell controlled environment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/2/303 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sungeunlim lightqualityaffectswateruseofsweetbasilbychangingitsstomataldevelopment AT jongyunkim lightqualityaffectswateruseofsweetbasilbychangingitsstomataldevelopment |