Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties
Collagen hydrogels have been extensively applied in biomedical applications. However, their mechanical properties are insufficient for such applications. Our previous study showed improved mechanical properties when collagen was blended with alginate. The current study aims to analyze the physico-ch...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/525 |
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| author | Tzen T. Heng Jing Y. Tey Kean S. Soon Kwan K. Woo |
| author_facet | Tzen T. Heng Jing Y. Tey Kean S. Soon Kwan K. Woo |
| author_sort | Tzen T. Heng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Collagen hydrogels have been extensively applied in biomedical applications. However, their mechanical properties are insufficient for such applications. Our previous study showed improved mechanical properties when collagen was blended with alginate. The current study aims to analyze the physico-chemical properties of collagen-alginate (CA) films such as swelling, porosity, denaturation temperature (<i>T<sub>d</sub></i>), and rheology properties. Collagen was prepared from discarded fish skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) that was derived from fish ball manufacturing industries and cross-linked with alginate from brown seaweed (<i>Sargasum polycystum</i>) of a local species as a means to benefit the downstream production of marine industries. CA hydrogels were fabricated with ratios (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) of 1:1, 1:4, 3:7, 4:1, and 7:3 respectively. FTIR spectrums of CA film showed an Amide I shift of 1636.12 cm<sup>−1</sup> to 1634.64 cm<sup>−1</sup>, indicating collagen-alginate interactions. SEM images of CA films show a porous structure that varied from pure collagen. DSC analysis shows <i>T<sub>d</sub></i> was improved from 61.26 °C (collagen) to 83.11 °C (CA 3:7). CA 4:1 swelled nearly 800% after 48 h, correlated with the of hydrogels porosity. Most CA demonstrated visco-elastic solid characteristics with greater storage modulus (G′) than lost modulus (G″). Shear thinning and non-Newtonian behavior was observed in CA with 0.4% to 1.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) CaCl<sub>2</sub>. CA hydrogels that were derived from discarded materials shows promising potential to serve as a wound dressing or ink for bio printing in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:10:38Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:10:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f739ff8080e46ea95986390e66e83402023-12-03T14:00:39ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-08-0120852510.3390/md20080525Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology PropertiesTzen T. Heng0Jing Y. Tey1Kean S. Soon2Kwan K. Woo3Department of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Selangor, MalaysiaCollagen hydrogels have been extensively applied in biomedical applications. However, their mechanical properties are insufficient for such applications. Our previous study showed improved mechanical properties when collagen was blended with alginate. The current study aims to analyze the physico-chemical properties of collagen-alginate (CA) films such as swelling, porosity, denaturation temperature (<i>T<sub>d</sub></i>), and rheology properties. Collagen was prepared from discarded fish skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) that was derived from fish ball manufacturing industries and cross-linked with alginate from brown seaweed (<i>Sargasum polycystum</i>) of a local species as a means to benefit the downstream production of marine industries. CA hydrogels were fabricated with ratios (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) of 1:1, 1:4, 3:7, 4:1, and 7:3 respectively. FTIR spectrums of CA film showed an Amide I shift of 1636.12 cm<sup>−1</sup> to 1634.64 cm<sup>−1</sup>, indicating collagen-alginate interactions. SEM images of CA films show a porous structure that varied from pure collagen. DSC analysis shows <i>T<sub>d</sub></i> was improved from 61.26 °C (collagen) to 83.11 °C (CA 3:7). CA 4:1 swelled nearly 800% after 48 h, correlated with the of hydrogels porosity. Most CA demonstrated visco-elastic solid characteristics with greater storage modulus (G′) than lost modulus (G″). Shear thinning and non-Newtonian behavior was observed in CA with 0.4% to 1.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) CaCl<sub>2</sub>. CA hydrogels that were derived from discarded materials shows promising potential to serve as a wound dressing or ink for bio printing in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/525collagenalginatehydrogelsbiomaterials |
| spellingShingle | Tzen T. Heng Jing Y. Tey Kean S. Soon Kwan K. Woo Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties Marine Drugs collagen alginate hydrogels biomaterials |
| title | Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties |
| title_full | Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties |
| title_fullStr | Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties |
| title_short | Utilizing Fish Skin of Ikan Belida (<i>Notopterus lopis</i>) as a Source of Collagen: Production and Rheology Properties |
| title_sort | utilizing fish skin of ikan belida i notopterus lopis i as a source of collagen production and rheology properties |
| topic | collagen alginate hydrogels biomaterials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/8/525 |
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