In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment
The use of high-flow nasal cannula in the treatment of COVID-19 infected patients has proven to be a valuable treatment option to improve oxygenation. Early in the pandemic, there were concerns for the degree of risk of disease transmission to health care workers utilizing these treatments that are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1002659/full |
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| author | James A. McGrath Andrew O’Sullivan Mary Joyce Miriam A. Byrne Jie Li James B. Fink Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin |
| author_facet | James A. McGrath Andrew O’Sullivan Mary Joyce Miriam A. Byrne Jie Li James B. Fink Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin |
| author_sort | James A. McGrath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of high-flow nasal cannula in the treatment of COVID-19 infected patients has proven to be a valuable treatment option to improve oxygenation. Early in the pandemic, there were concerns for the degree of risk of disease transmission to health care workers utilizing these treatments that are considered aerosol generating procedures. This study developed an in vitro model to examine the release of simulated patient-derived bioaerosol with and without high-flow nasal cannula at gas flow rates of 30 and 50 L/min. Aerosol dispersion was evaluated at 30 and 90 cm distances. Reduction of transmission risk was assessed using a surgical facemask on the manikin. Results indicated that the use of a facemask facilitated a 94–95% reduction in exhaled aerosol concentration at 30 cm and 22–60% reduction for 90 cm distance across both gas flow rates. This bench study confirms that this in vitro model can be used as a tool to assess the risk of disease transmission during aerosol generating procedures in a simulated patient and to test factors to mitigate the risk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:55:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5f76b4f63bd6417dbec973dc8d390d9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T07:55:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-5f76b4f63bd6417dbec973dc8d390d9d2022-12-22T04:35:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-12-01910.3389/fmed.2022.10026591002659In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatmentJames A. McGrath0Andrew O’Sullivan1Mary Joyce2Miriam A. Byrne3Jie Li4James B. Fink5Ronan MacLoughlin6Ronan MacLoughlin7Ronan MacLoughlin8Department of Physics, School of Natural Science, Ryan Institute’s Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, University of Galway, Galway, IrelandResearch & Development, Science & Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway, IrelandResearch & Development, Science & Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway, IrelandDepartment of Physics, School of Natural Science, Ryan Institute’s Centre for Climate & Air Pollution Studies, University of Galway, Galway, IrelandDivision of Respiratory Care, Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United StatesAerogen Pharma Corporation, San Mateo, CA, United StatesResearch & Development, Science & Emerging Technologies, Aerogen Limited, Galway, IrelandSchool of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IrelandSchool of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandThe use of high-flow nasal cannula in the treatment of COVID-19 infected patients has proven to be a valuable treatment option to improve oxygenation. Early in the pandemic, there were concerns for the degree of risk of disease transmission to health care workers utilizing these treatments that are considered aerosol generating procedures. This study developed an in vitro model to examine the release of simulated patient-derived bioaerosol with and without high-flow nasal cannula at gas flow rates of 30 and 50 L/min. Aerosol dispersion was evaluated at 30 and 90 cm distances. Reduction of transmission risk was assessed using a surgical facemask on the manikin. Results indicated that the use of a facemask facilitated a 94–95% reduction in exhaled aerosol concentration at 30 cm and 22–60% reduction for 90 cm distance across both gas flow rates. This bench study confirms that this in vitro model can be used as a tool to assess the risk of disease transmission during aerosol generating procedures in a simulated patient and to test factors to mitigate the risk.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1002659/fullCOVID-19bioaerosolhigh-flow nasal cannuladispersionexposurefacemask |
| spellingShingle | James A. McGrath Andrew O’Sullivan Mary Joyce Miriam A. Byrne Jie Li James B. Fink Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin Ronan MacLoughlin In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment Frontiers in Medicine COVID-19 bioaerosol high-flow nasal cannula dispersion exposure facemask |
| title | In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment |
| title_full | In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment |
| title_fullStr | In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment |
| title_short | In vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated COVID-19 patient during high-flow nasal cannula treatment |
| title_sort | in vitro model for investigating aerosol dispersion in a simulated covid 19 patient during high flow nasal cannula treatment |
| topic | COVID-19 bioaerosol high-flow nasal cannula dispersion exposure facemask |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.1002659/full |
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